Acronyms

0-9

2D-MAX-DOAS

  two-dimensional multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy

2D-S

  (stereo) optical array spectrometer

2DC

  two-dimensional cloud

2DVD

  two-dimensional video disdrometer

3DVAR

  three-dimensional variational data assimilation

4DDA

  four-dimensional data assimilation

4STAR

  Spectrometer for Sky-scanning Sun-Tracking Atmospheric Research (NASA)

A

A-ATOFMS

  Aircraft-aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer

AA

  absorbing aerosols

AAAAI

  American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology

AABW

  Antarctic bottom water

AACP

  above-anvil cirrus plume

AACT

  ARM-ASR Coordination Team

AAD

  Australian Antarctic Division

AAE

  Absorption Angstrom Exponent

AAF

  ARM Aerial Facility

AALCO

  Aerial Assessment of Liquid in Clouds at Oliktok

AAO

  Adjacent Arctic Ocean

AAOD

  aerosol absorption optical depth

AASE

  Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition

AATS

  Ames airborne tracking sunphotometer

AATSR

  Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer

ABC

  absorbing boundary condition or atmospheric brown cloud

ABE

  Aerosol Best Estimate

ABI

  Advanced Baseline Imager (GOES-R satellite)

ABIFM

  activity-based immersion freezing model

ABL

  atmospheric boundary layer

ABLE

  Argonne Boundary Layer Experiment or Arctic Boundary Layer Experiment or Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (NASA)

ABoVE

  Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment

ABRACOS

  Anglo-Brazilian Amazonian Climate Observation Study

ABRFC

  Arkansas Basin Red River Forecast Center

ACAOD

  above-cloud aerosol optical depth

ACAPEX

  ARM Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment

ACARS

  Aerodynamic (Research Incorporated) Communication and Recording System or Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System

ACAS

  Arctic Climate Across Scales

ACC

  Antarctic Circumpolar Current

ACCACIA

  Aerosol Cloud Coupling and Climate Interaction in the Arctic

ACCEPT

  Analysis of the Composition of Clouds with Extended Polarization Techniques

ACCESS

  Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator or aerosol counting, composition, extinction, and sizing system

ACCESS-AM2

  Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Atmosphere-only Model version 2

ACCMIP

  Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project

ACCP

  Aerosol, Cloud, Convection, and Precipitation study (NASA)

ACDC

  Atmospheric Cluster Dynamic Code

ACE

  Aerosol Characterization Experiment or Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition or Accumulated Cyclone Energy

ACE-2

  Second Aerosol Characterization Experiment

ACE-Asia

  Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment

ACE-ENA

  Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic

ACE-SPACE

  Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition - Study of Preindustrial-like Aerosol Climate Effects

ACI

  aerosol-cloud interactions

ACIA

  Arctic Climate Impact Assessment

ACME

  Accelerated Climate Model for Energy or Airborne Carbon Measurements campaign

ACOM

  Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling (NCAR)

ACORES

  Azores Statocumulus Measurements of Radiation, Turbulence and Aerosols

ACOS

  Atmospheric Carbon Observation from Space

ACP

  absolute cavity pyrgeometer

ACR

  airborne cloud radar

ACRE

  Antarctic Clouds and Radiation Experiment

ACRF

  ARM Climate Research Facility

ACRIDICON-CHUVA

  Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems

ACROS

  airborne cloud-radiation observing system

ACSE

  Arctic Clouds in Summer Experiment

ACSM

  Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor

ACSYS

  Arctic Climate System Study

ACT

  ARM Coordination Team

ACTIVATE

  Aerosol Cloud Meteorology Interactions Over the Western Atlantic Experiment

ACTIVE

  aerosol and chemical transport in tropical convection

ACTOS

  Airborne Cloud Turbulence Observation System

ACTRIS

  Aerosols, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure

ACUASI

  Alaska Center for UAS Integration

ADA

  anomalous diffraction approximation

ADAS

  ARPS data analysis system or Atmospheric Data Assimilation System

ADC

  analog-to-digital converter

ADDA

  Amsterdam discrete dipole approximation

ADDEM

  aerosol diameter-dependent equilibrium model

ADEOS

  advanced earth observing system (Japan Space Program)

ADF

  adiabatic fraction

ADI

  ARM Data Integrator

ADM

  angular dependence model

ADMB

  Air-deployed microbuoys

ADMIRARI

  Advanced Microwave Radiometer for Rain Identification

ADT

  anomalous diffraction theory

AE

  Angstrom exponent

AEB

  Agencia Espacial Brasileira

AEBR

  aerosol extinction-to-backscatter ratios

AEC

  ARM Experiment Center

AED

  atmospheric evaporative demand

AEM

  Automatic Exchange Mechanism

AER

  Atmospheric Environmental Research, Inc.

AERI

  atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer

AERI-ER

  extended-range AERI

AERI-X

  high-resolution (0.1 cm^-1) version of AERI

AERIoe

  Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer Optimal Estimation

AEROCLO-sA

  Aerosol Radiation and Clouds in southern Africa

AeroCom

  Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models

AEROICESTUDY

  Aerosol-Ice Formation Closure Pilot Study

AEROMMA

  Atmospheric Emissions and Reactions Observed from Megacities to Marine Areas

AERONET

  Aerosol Robotic Network

AEROSE

  Aerosol and Ocean Science Expedition

AES

  airborne emission spectrometer or Atmospheric Environment Services (Canada)

AETH

  Aethalometer

AF

  adiabatic fraction

AFC

  ARM field campaign

AFGL

  Air Force Geophysics Laboratory

AFM/IR

  atomic force microscope-infrared

AFOSR

  Air Force Office of Scientific Research

AFRC

  Armstrong Flight Research Center

AFRL

  Air Force Research Laboratory

AFWA

  Air Force Weather Agency

AFWEX

  ARM-FIRE Water Vapor Experiment

AGAGE

  Advanced Global Gases Experiment

AGARD

  Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development

AGASP

  Arctic Gas and Aerosol Sampling Program

AGC

  Automatic Gain Control

AGCD

  Australian Gridded Climate Data

AGCMs

  atmospheric general circulation models

AGGI

  annual greenhouse gas index (NOAA)

AGL

  above ground level

AGU

  American Geophysical Union

AHI

  Advanced Himawari Imager

AHM

  adaptive habit model

AI

  aerosol index or artificial intelligence

AIA

  ARM Information Architecture

AIDA

  Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere cloud chamber (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

AIDJEX

  Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment

AIE

  aerosol indirect effect

AIF

  aerosol indirect forcing

AIIE

  Airborne Icing Instrumentation Evaluation

AIMMS

  Aircraft-integrated Meteorological Measurement System

AIMS

  Australian Institute of Marine Science

AIOMFAC

  Aerosol Inorganic-Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficient

AIP

  Algorithm Intrcomparison Project

AIRS

  atmospheric infrared sounder or Alliance Icing Research Study

AIS

  ARCS Integration Site

AIV

  aerosol invigoration effect

ALABAMA

  aircraft-based laser ablation mass spectrometer

ALAMO

  Air-Launched Autonomous Micro Observer (ocean float program)

ALBSA

  Aleutian Low-Beaufort Sea Anticyclone

ALC-IOP

  Aerosol Life Cycle Intensive Observational Period (a 2011 U.S. DOE field campaign)

ALCF

  Automatic Lidar and Ceilometer Framework

ALE

  available lifting energy

ALEX

  AIDEX Lead Experiment

ALFA

  AER local forecast and assimilation (model)

ALIVE

  Aerosol Lidar Validation Experiment

ALM

  ACME Land Model

ALOSE

  Along Line of Site Experiment

ALTOS

  Arctic Lower Troposphere Observed Structure

AMAP

  Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (Arctic Council)

AMAZE

  Amazonian Aerosol Characterization Experiment

AME

  aerosol microphysical effect

AMEX

  Australian Monsoon Experiment

AMF

  ARM Mobile Facility

AMI-WS

  active microwave instrument wind scatterometer

AMIE

  ARM MJO Investigation Experiment

AMIP

  Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project

AMMA

  African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis

AMO

  Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation

AMOC

  Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation

AmPMS

  Ambient-pressure Proton transfer Mass Spectrometer

AMPS

  Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System

AMRDC

  Antarctic Meteorological Research and Data Center

AMS

  aerosol mass spectrometer or accelerator mass spectrometer

AMS-SMPS

  aerosol mass spectrometer-scanning mobility particle sizer

AMSL

  above mean sea level

AMSR

  advanced microwave scanning radiometer

AMSU-B

  Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B

AMT

  ARM Management Team or Aerosol Modeling Testbed

AMV

  Atlantic Multidecadal Variability

ANL

  Argonne National Laboratory

ANN

  artificial neural network

AO

  Arctic Oscillation

AOD

  aerosol optical depth

AOFB

  Autonomous ocean flux buoy

AOGCM

  atmosphere-ocean global coupled model or atmosphere-ocean general circulation model

AOML

  Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory

AON

  Arctic Observing Network

AOP

  aerosol optical properties

AOPCIC

  Aerosol Optical Particle Counter Intercomparison Campaign

AOS

  aerosol observing system

AOT

  aerosol optical thickness

AP

  anisotropy parameter

APC

  aerosol particle chamber

API

  application programming interface

APIMS

  Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry

APIP

  aircraft-produced ice particle

APOLLO

  AVHRR Processing Scheme Over Land, Cloud, and Ocean

APPI

  atmospheric pressure photoionization

APREF

  Asia-Pacific Reference Frame

APS

  aerosol particle-sizing spectrometer or aerodynamic particle sizer

APSS

  absorbing polystyrene spheres

AR

  atmospheric river

AR Recon

  Atmospheric River Reconnaissance

AR-AFS

  Atmospheric River Analysis and Forecast System

ARC

  Ames Research Center

ARCPAC

  Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate

ARCS

  Atmospheric Radiation and Cloud Station

ARCSS

  Arctic System Science (NSF)

ARCSYM

  Arctic Regional Climate System Model

ARCTAS

  Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites

ARCUS

  Arctic Research Consortium of the United States

ARDT

  Atmospheric River Detection Tool

ARE

  aerosol radiative effect

ARESE

  ARM Enhanced Shortwave Experiment

ARF

  aerosol radiative forcing

ARGN

  Australian Regional GPS Network

ARH

  atmospheric radiative heating

ARI

  aerosol-radiation interactions

ARIES

  Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences

ARIMA

  Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average

ARINC

  Aerodynamic Research Incorporated Communication

ARL

  Air Resources Laboratory (NOAA)

ARM

  Atmospheric Radiation Measurement

ARM-ACME

  ARM Airborne Carbon Measurements

ARMBE

  ARM best estimate (data products)

ARMBEATM

  ARM Best Estimate Atmospheric Measurements value-added product

ARMBECLDRAD

  ARM Best Estimate Cloud Radiation value-added product

ARMOR

  Advanced Radar for Meteorological and Operational Research

AROME

  Applications of Research to Operations at Mesoscale

ARPS

  Advanced Regional Prediction System

ARRA

   American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (can also be shortened to "Recovery Act").

ARRC

  Advanced Radar Research Center (University of Oklahoma)

ARS

  Agricultural Research Service

ARSCL

  Active Remotely Sensed Cloud Locations (an ARM VAP)

ARTEMIS

   Advanced Responsive Tactically Effective Military Imaging Spectrometer

ARTMIP

  Atmospheric River Tracking Method Intercomparison Project

ARTS

  Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator

AS

  anvil stratus

ASAP-MS

  atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry

ASC

  arctic stratus cloud

ASCAT

  Advanced SCATterometer

ASCII

  American Standard Code for Information Interchange file format

ASCOS

  Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study

ASD

  analytical spectral devices

ASIR

  absolute scanning infrared radiometer

ASIVA

  All Sky Infrared Visible Analyzer

ASM

  Asian summer monsoon

ASO

  Airborne Snow Observatory

ASOP

  atmospheric soil organic particles

ASOS

  automatic surface observing system

ASP

  Atmospheric Science Program

ASPEN

  Atmospheric Sounding Processing Environment (NCAR software)

ASR

  aerosol scattering ratio or absorbed solar radiation or absorbed shortwave radiation or absolute sky-scanning radiometer

ASRC

  Atmospheric Sciences Research Center

ASSIST

  Atmospheric Sounder Spectrometer for Infrared Spectral Technology

ASSP

  axially scattering spectrometer probe

ASTER

  Atmosphere-Surface Turbulent Exchange Research or Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (NASA)

ASTEX

  Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment

ASTI

  absolute solar transmittance interferometer

ASTIC

  All Sky Thermal Infrared Camera

ATD

  Atmospheric Technology Division (NCAR) or Arizona test dust

ATDD

  Atmospheric Turbulence and diffusion Division (NOAA ARL)

ATHAM

  Active Tracer High-resolution Atmospheric Model

ATLID

  Atmospheric backscatter lidar

ATM

  Atmospheric Transport Model

ATMIS-II

  Atmospheric Moisture Comparison Study

ATML

  Atmospheric and Terrestrial Mobile Laboratory

ATMOS

  Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy or Argonne Testbed for Multiscale Observational Studies

ATMS

  Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder

ATOFMS

  aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer

ATOM

  Atmospheric Tomography Mission

ATOMIC

  Atlantic Tradewind Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign

ATOMMS

  Active Temperature, Ozone Moisture Microwave Spectrometer

ATR/FTIR

  attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared

ATSR

  Along-Track Scanning Radiometer

ATTREX

  Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment

AUSMI

  Australian monsoon index

AVA

  ARM Volume-Imaging Array

AVG

  Adaptive Vertical Grid

AVHRR

  advanced very-high-resolution radiometer

AVIRIS

  airborne visible and infrared imaging spectrometer

AVMP

  atmospheric vertical moisture profile

AVOC

  anthropogenic volatile organic carbon

AVP

  ARM Aerial Vehicles Program *As of February 2009, this program was renamed ARM Aerial Facility.

AVSET

  Automated Volume Scan Evaluation and Termination

AVTP

  atmospheric vertical temperature profile

AWARE

  ARM West Antarctic Radiation Experiment

AWEX

  AIRS Water Vapor Experiment

AWIPS

  Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System

AWPAG

  All-Weather Precipitation Accumulation Guage

AWS

  automated weather station

AZA

  azimuth angle

B

BACI

  Biosphere Atmosphere Change Index

BAECC

  Biogenic Aerosols - Effects on Clouds and Climate

BAECC SNEX

  Biogenic Aerosols--Effects on Clouds and Climate: Snowfall Experiment

BAERI

  Bay Area Environmental Research Institute

BAMEX

  Bow Echo and Mesoscale Convective Vortices Experiment

BAMS

  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

BAO

   Boulder Atmospheric Observatory

BAPMoN

  Background Air Pollution Monitoring

BARC

   Barrow Arctic Research Center

BARFEX

   Boardman Atmospheric Radiation Flux Experiment

BARRA

  Australian Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric high-resolution Reginal Reanalysis for Australia

BAS

  British Antarctic Survey

BASE

   Beaufort Arctic Storms Experiment

BASE-A

  Biomass Burning Airborne and Spaceborne Experiment in the Amazonas

BASTA

  Bistatic rAdar SysTem for Atmospheric studies

BATS

  Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme

BATSE1

   Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme, Version 1e

BB

   biomass burning

BBA

  biomass burning aerosols

BBCEAS

   broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectrometer

BBHRP

   broadband heating rate profile

BBOA

  biomass burning organic aerosol

BBOP

   Biomass Burning Observation Project

BBSS

   balloon-borne sounding system

BC

   black carbon

BC4

   Boston College-Aerodyne led Coated Black Carbon Study

BCADS

  Black Carbon Aerosol Deposition Study

BCL

  buoyant condensation level

BCO

  Barbados Cloud Observatory

BCP

  backscatter cloud probe

BCR

   baseline change request

BCS

   Bayesian Compressive Sensing

BDRF

   bidirectional reflectance functions

BEACH-ON-ROMBAS

   Biohydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study

BECCS

  bioenergy with carbon capture and storage

BEO

   Barrow Environmental Observatory

BER

   Biological and Environmental Research

BESST

  Ball Experimental Sea Surface Temperature instrument

BF

   boundary facility

BGC

  biogeochemistry

BIC

   Bayesian Information Criterion

BIOS

  Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences

BL

   boundary layer

BLC

   Belfort laser ceilometer or boundary layer convection

BLCWG

   Boundary Layer Cloud Working Group (GCSS)

BLH

   boundary layer height

BLISS

   Boundary Layer Sensing and Simulation working group

BLOSSOM

  Bilateral Operational Storm-Scale Observation and Modeling

BLX

   Boundary Layer Experiment

BMRC

   Bureau of Meteorological Research Center

BNL

   Brookhaven National Laboratory

BOEMRE

  Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement

BOM

   Australian Bureau of Meteorology

BOMEX

   Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment

BORCAL

   broadband outdoor radiometer calibration

BOREAS

   Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study

BRDF

   bidirectional reflectance distribution function

BRS

   broadband radiometer station

BSA

  Beaufort Sea Anticyclone

BSISO

  boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation

BSOA

  biogenic secondary organic aerosol

BSRN

   baseline surface radiation network

BSRWP

   beam-steered radar wind profiler

BT

   back trajectory or brightness temperature

BTD

   brightness temperature difference

BVOC

   biogenic volatile organic compound

C

C-LAMP

   Carbon-Land Model Intercomparison Project

C-MAN

  Coastal-Marine Automated Network

C4MIP

   Coupled Climate-Carbon Cycle MIP

C5H8

  isoprene

CAA

   Clean Air Act (U.S.) or cloud absorption anomaly

CABL

   Characterizing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

CaChUP

  Chemical Analyzer for Charged Ultrafine Particles

CACTI

   Cloud, Aerosol, and Complex Terrain Interactions

CAD

   computer-aided design

CAF

  cloud area fraction

CAFS

  Coupled Arctic Forecasting System

CAGATE

  CCPP-ARM GCM analysis of tendency errors

CAGEX

   CERES/ARM/GEWEX Experiment

CAICE

  Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment (National Science Foundation)

CAIPEEX-2009

  Cloud Aerosol and P:recipitation Enhancement Experiment

CALIOP

   Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization

CALIPSO

   Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation

CALM

  Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring Grid

CalNex

   California Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Experiment

CALVAL

   Calibration and Validation

CAM

  Community Atmosphere Model or convection-allowing model

CAM-4

  NCAR Community Atmosphere Model Version 4

CAM-5

   NCAR Community Atmosphere Model

CAM-MAM

  PNNL Modal Aerosol Model

CAM5-CAPT

  Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1-Cloud-Associated Parameterizations Testbed

CAMEL

  Combined ASTER MODIS Emissivity over Land

CAMEX

   Convection and Moisture Experiment

CAMS

  Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service

CANDAC

  Canadian Network for Detection of Atmospheric Change

CANSISE

  Canadian Sea Ice and Snow Evolution Network

CAO

  cold-air outbreak

CAP-MBL

   Cloud, Aerosol, and Precipitation in the Marine Boundary Layer

CAPE

   convective available potential energy or Convection and Precipitation/Electrification experiment

CAPE-K

  Clouds and Precipitation Experiment at Kennaook

CAPI

   cloud-aerosol-precipitation interactions

CAPMoN

  Canadian Air and Precipitation Monitoring Network

CAPPI

   Constant Altitude Plan Position Indicators

CAPRICORN

  Clouds, Aerosols, Precipitation, Radiation, and Atmospheric Composition over the Southern Ocean

CAPS

   cloud, aerosol, and precipitation spectrometer or cavity attenuated phase shift

CAPS-PMEX

   cavity attenuated phase shift extinction monitor

CAPT

  Cloud-Associated Parameterization Testbed

CAR

   corrective action report

CARB

   California Air Resources Board

CARES

   Carbonaceous Aerosol and Radiative Effects Study

CARI

  Community Airborne Research Instrumentation

CARL

  CART Raman lidar

CARMA

  Community Aerosol-Radiation-Microphysics Application or Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres

CARRIBA

  Cloud, Aerosol, Radiation, and Turbulence in the Trade Wind Regime over Barbados

CARSNET

  China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network

CART

  Cloud and Radiation Testbed

CARVE

   Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment

CAS

   cloud aerosol spectrometer

CASA

   Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach or Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere

CASCC

  Caltech Active Strand Cloud water Collector

CASES

   Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study or Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study

CASS

  Continental Active Surface-Forced Shallow Cumulus

CAST

   Co-ordinated Airborne Studies in the Tropics

CASTNET

   Clean Air Status and Trend Network

CAUSES

  Cloud Above the United States and Errors at the Surface

CAVM

  Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation map

CAWCR

   Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research

CAWS

  Canadian Arctic Weather Science

CBG

  Chebogue Point (Canada)

CBH

   cloud base height

CBL

   convective boundary layer

CCAP

   Characterization of Cirrus and Aerosol Properties

CCCMA

  Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis

CCD

   charge-coupled device

CCEW

  convectively coupled equatorial waves

CCI

  Climate Change Initiative (ESA)

CCIE

  Coastal Convective Interaction Experiment

CCM

  climate chemistry model

CCM1

   Community Climate Model, Version 1

CCM2

   Community Climate Model, Version 2

CCM3

   Community Climate Model, Version 3

CCMI

  Chemistry Climate Modeling Initiative

CCN

   cloud condensation nuclei

CCPM

  cyclic convection-permitting model

CCPP

   Climate Change Prediction Program

CCS

  cold cloud system

CCSEM/EDX

   computer-controlled scanniing electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

CCSM2

   Community Climate System Model, Version 2

CCSP

   Climate Change Science Program or Carbon Cycle Science Plan

CCSS

  California Cooperative Snow Survey

CDA

  constrained data assimilation

CDAAC

  Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center

CDE

  CART data environment

CDER

  cloud droplet effective radius

CDF

   cumulative distribution function

CDFS

  Cloud Depiction Forecast System (USAF)

CDIAC

  Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center

CDL

   cloud detection lidar or coherent Doppler lidar

CDMS

  Cloud Droplet Measurement System

CDNC

   cloud droplet number concentration

CDP

   cloud droplet probe or control/display panel

CDR

   circular depolarization ratio or Critical Design Review

CDR-MIP

  Carbon Dioxide Removal Model Intercomparison Project

CDS

  cloud drop spectrometer

CDSD

  cloud droplet size distribution

CE

   collection efficiency

CEAREX

  Coordinated Eastern Arctic Experiment

CEAS

  cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy

CED

  cloud equivalent diameter

CEDS

  Community Emissions Data System

CEES

  Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences

CEM

   cloud ensemble model

CEOS

   Committee on Earth Observation Satellites

CEP

   cloud extinction probe

CEPEX

   Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment

CERES

   Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System

CESAR

   Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (Netherlands)

CESBIO

  Centre d'Etudes spatiales de la BIOsphere (France)

CESD

   Climate and Environmental Sciences Division

CESM

   Community Earth System Model

CESM-LENS

  Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble Project

CF

   Central Facility or Climate and Forecast or cloud fraction

CFAD

  contoured-frequency-by-altitude diagram

CFARR

  Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (UK)

CFC

   chlorofluorocarbon

CFCR

   Centroid Frequency Chirp Rate

CFD

  computational fluid dynamics

CFDC

   continuous flow diffusion chamber

CFDE II

   Canadian Freezing Drizzle Experiment II

CFH

   cryogenic frost point hygrometer

CFI

   cloud-free index or Canada Foundation for Innovation

CFMIP

   Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project

CFODD

  Contoured Frequency by Optical Depth Diagram

CFP

  carbon flux phenology

CFSR

  Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (NCEP)

CFWI

  Canadian Fire Weather Index

CGA

   calibration, grooming, and alignment

CGCM

   coupled (ocean-atmosphere) general circulation model

CGPS

   Continuous Global Positioning System

CHAPS

   Cumulus Humilis Aerosol Processing Study

CHARMS

   CH4 Atmospheric Remote Monitoring

CHARTS

  Code for High-Resolution Accelerated Radiative Transfer from Scattering

CHEESEHEAD19

  Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019

CHIVO

  Colorado State University C-Band Hydrometeorological Instrument for Volumetric Observations

CI

  convective initiation

CI-ITMS

  ion trap mass spectrometer using chemical ionization

CIC

  Cloudiness Intercomparison Campaign

CID

  collision-induced dissociation

CIDS

   CEPEX integrated data system

CIMMS

   Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies

CIMS

  chemical ionization mass spectrometer

CIMSS

  Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies

CIN

   convective inhibition

CINC

  cloud ice number concentration

CINDY2011

   Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in Year 2011

CIP

   column intensive properties or cloud imaging probe

CIR

   cloud infrared radiometer

CIRA

   Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere

CIRCCREX

  Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment

CIRES

   Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (U. of Colorado)

CIRP

  Cooperative Institute for Regional Prediction (University of Utah)

CIRPAS

   Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies

CIWRO

  Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations (University of Oklahoma)

CKE

  cumulus kinetic energy or collisional kinetic energy

CL

   convective precipitation over land

CLACE

  Cloud and Aerosol Characterization Experiments

CLAMPS

   Collaborative Lower Atmospheric Mobile Profiling System

CLAMS

   Chesapeake Lighthouse and Aircraft Measurements for Satellites

CLAP

   continuous light absorption photometer

CLARIFY-2017

  Cloud-Aerosol-Radiation Interactions and Forcing: Year 2017

CLASIC

   Cloud Land Surface Interaction Campaign or Chemistry Land-Surface Atmosphere Soil Slab

CLASS

   Cross-Chain Loran Atmospheric Sounding System

CLASSIC

  Coupled Large-scale Aerosol Simulator for Studies of Climate

CLAUS

  Cloud Archive User Service

CLAVR

   Cloud Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer

CLD

  chemiluminescence detection

CLEAR

  Colorado State University Lightning, Environment, Aerosol, and Radar analysis framework

CLEARFLO

   Clean Air for London

CLEX

   Complex Layered Cloud Experiment

CLI

  command line interface

CLIMOB

  CLImate Modelling and Observations in India

CLIVAR

   Climate Variability and Predictability (Program)

CLM

   Community Land Model or Common Land Model

CLOUD

  Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets chamber (European Council for Nuclear Research)

CLOWD

   Clouds with Low Optical (Water) Depths Working Group

CLP

  cloud liquid path

CLRTAP

  Convention on Long Range Trans-boundary Air Pollution

CLS

   cloud and aerosol lidar system

CLUBB

  Cloud Layers Unified By-Binormals

CLW

  column liquid water

CLWG

   Cloud Lifecycle Working Group

CLWP

  cloud liquid water path

CM

  cloud mask

CMAP

  Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation

CMAQ

   Community Multiscale Air Quality model (EPA)

CMBE

   Climate Modeling Best Estimate

CMC

  Canadian Meteorological Centre

CMCC

  Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per I Cambiamenti Climatici

CMCS

  connected MCS

CMDEWP

   chilled-mirror dew point hygrometer

CMDL

  Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory

CMDV

  Climate Model Development and Validation Program (U.S. DOE)

CMFR

  continuously mixed flow reactor

CMIP

   Coupled Model Intercomparison Project

CML

  cloud mixed layer

CMMG

   Center of Climate, Meteorology, and Climate change (University of the Azores)

CMORPH

   Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique

CMSAF

  Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility

CMT

  convective momentum transport

CN

   condensation nucleus

CNES

   Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales

CNN

  convolutional neural network

CNPq

   Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

CNRM-CERFACS

  Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques/Centre Europeen de Recherche et Formation Avancees en Calcul Scientifique

CNT

  classical nucleation theory

Co₂FLX

  carbon dioxide flux system

COALA

  Coordinated Observations of the Lower Arctic Atmosphere

COALESCE

  Carbonaceous aerosol emissions, source apportionment, and climate impacts (India)

COARE

   Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment

COBRA

   CO2 Budget and Rectification Airborne stody

COD

   cloud optical depth

CODE

   Center for Orbit Determination in Europe

COLA

  Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies

COLMA

  Colorado Lightning Mapping Array

COMBLE

  Cold-Air Outbreaks in the Marine Boundary Layer Experiment

CombRet

  Combined Retrieval

CoMeT

  Coupling Metrics Toolkit

COMMAS

  Collaborative Model for Multiscale Atmospheric Simulation

CONTRAST

   CONvective TRansport of Active Species in the Tropics

CONUS

   continental United States

COP

  Cloud Organizational Potential

COPE

  Convective Precipitation Experiment

COPS

   Convective and Orographically-induced Precipitation Study

CORDEX

  Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment

COSMIC

  Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate

COSP

   CFMIP Observation Simulator Package

CoSSIR

  Compact Scanning Submillimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (NASA)

COT

  cloud optical thickness

CP

   Cloud Properties Working Group

CPC

  Climate Prediction Center or condensation particle counter

CPI

   cloud particle imager

CPM

   Cloud Parameterization and Modeling or convection-permitting model

CPMA

  centrifugal particle mass analyzer

CPOL

   C-band polarimetric radar

CPPAR

  cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar

CPRS

   cloud profiling radar system

CPT

  cold point tropopause

CPW

  Cloud Properties Working Group

CQI

   continuous quality improvement

CR-SIM

  Cloud Resolving Model Radar Simulator

CRAICC

   Nordic Centre of Excellence

CRD

   cavity ring-down

CRD-AES

  cavity ring down aerosol extinction spectrometer

CRDS

  cavity ring-down spectroscopy

CRE

   cloud radiative effect

CRF

   cloud radiative forcing

CRH

  column relative humidity

CRHF

   cloud radiative heat forcing

CrIS

  Cross-track Infrared Sounder

CRL

   compact Raman lidar

CRM

   cloud-resolving model or column radiation model

CROC

   Convective Radio Occultations Campaign

CRREL

  Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)

CRS

   Clouds and Radiative Swath

CRYSTAL-FACE

   Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers—Florida Area Cirrus Experiment

CS

   cloudscope

CSA

  convective-stratiform-anvil

CSCE

  Continental Stratocumulus Experiment (Pennsylvania State University)

CSD

  cloud size distribution

CSET

  Cloud System Evolution in the Trades

CSHNET

  Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network

CSI

   cloud spectrometer and impactor or clear-sky identification

CSIP

  Convective Storm Initiation Project

CSIRO

   Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization

CSLAEX

   Cross-Scale Land-Atmosphere Experiment

CSM1

   Climate System Model, Version 1

CSP

   Combined Sensor Program

CSPHOT

   cimel photometer

CSPOT

  camel sun photometer

CSRM

  cloud system-resolving model

CSTRIPE

  Coastal Stratocumulus Imposed Perturbation Experiments

CSU

   Colorado State University

CSU-MAPS

  California State University mobile atmospheric profiling system

CSWR

  Center for Severe Weather Research

CT

  cloud thickness

CTBL

   cloud-topped boundary layer or cumulus-topped boundary layer

CTD

  cloud-top divergence

CTEI

  cloud-top entrainment instability

CTFS

   Center for Tropical Forest Science

CTH

   cloud top height

CTL

  CarbonTracker-Lagrange

CTM

   chemical transport model

CTP

  convective triggering potential

CTT

  cloud-top temperature

CTV

  cloud-top vertical vorticity

Cu

  cumulus

CuPIDO

  Cumulus Photogrammetric, In situ, and Doppler Observations

CUT

   Coordinated Universal Time

CVDP

  Climate Variability Diagnostic Package (NCAR)

CVE

  coherent vorticity extraction

CVF

  cloud vertical fraction

CVI

  counter-flow vertical impactor

CW3E

   Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes

CWC

  condensed water content

CWP

  cloud water path

CWV

   columnar water vapor

CZO

   Critical Zone Observatory

D

DAAC

   Distributed Active Archive Center

DABUL

   depolarization aerosol and backscatter unattended lidar

DACAPO-PESO

  Dynamics, Aerosol, Cloud And Precipitation Observations in the Pristine Environment of the Southern Ocean

DACCIWA

   Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa

DAII

  droplet assisted inlet ionization mass spectrometry

DALES

  Dutch Atmospheric Large Eddy Simulation model

DAO

   data assimilation office

DAQ

  data acquisition

DARE

  direct aerosol radiative effect

DARF

   direct aerosol radiative forcing

DART

   discrete angle radiative transfer or Data Assimilation Research Testbed (NCAR)

DAWEX

   Darwin Wave Experiment

DBS

  Dichroic Beam Splitter

DBSCAN

  Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise

DC3

   Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry

DCC

   deep convective cloud

DCP

  downward control principle

DCPP

  Decadal Climate Prediction Project

DDA

  discrete dipole approximation

DDI

   downwelling diffuse irradiance

DDR

  diffuse-to-direct ratio

DDV

  differential Doppler velocity

DEAD

  Dust Entrainment and Deposition Model

DEID

  differential emissivity imaging disdrometer

DEM

   digital elevation model

DER

   droplet effective radius

DESI

   desorption electrospray ionization

DESI-HRMS

  desorption electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry

DESI-MS

  desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

DEW

   distant early warning

DFAR

  double-fence automated reference

DFB TDL

  distributed feedback tunable-diode laser

DFDI

   diffuse downward irradiance

DFG

   Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)

DFIR

  double-fence intercomparison reference

DFR

  dual-frequency reflectivity ratio

DFT

  density functional theory

DGVM

   dynamic global vegetation model

DHARMA

  Distributed Hydrodynamic Aerosol and Radiative Modeling Application

DHI

  diffuse horizontal irradiance

DHR

   differential heating rate

DI

  deionized

DIAL

   differential absorption lidar

DICE

  Diurnal Land/Atmosphere Coupling Experiment

DIRTMAP

  Dust Indicators and Records in Terrestrial and Marine Paleoenvironments database

DISCOVER-AQ

  Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality

DISORT

   discrete ordinate radiative transfer

DLCA

  diffusion-limited cluster aggregation

DLF

  downwelling longwave flux

DLH

  diode laser hygrometer

DLPNO

  domain-based local pair-natural orbital

DLR

   Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center)

DLS

  dynamic light scattering

DMA

   differential mobility analyzer or Defense Mapping Agency

DMAN

  Dynamic Model for Aerosol Nucleation

DMF

   Data Management Facility or dry air mole fraction

DMO

  Danish Meteorological Institute

DMPS

  differential mobility particle sizer

DMS

   Data Management System

DMSP

  Defense Meteorological Satellite Program

DMT

   Data Management Team or Droplet Measurement Technologies

DNI

  direct normal irradiance

DNN

  deep neural network

DNS

  direct numerical simulation

DNSI

   direct-normal solar irradiance

DOAS

   differential optical absorption spectroscopy

DOC

  dissolved organic carbon

DOD

   data object design

DOE

   U.S. Department of Energy

DOF

   depth of field

DOFS

   degree of freedom for signal

DOI

   Digital Object Identifier

DOLCE

  Derived Optimal Linear Combination Evapotranspiration

DOMEX

  Dominica Experiment

DOP

  dioctyl phthalate

DOS

  dioctyl sebacate

DOW

  Doppler on wheels: dual-polarization X-band Doppler radar

DOY

  day of year

DPR

  dual-frequency precipitation radar

DPV

  diesel-powered vehicles

DQ

   Data Quality

DQ HandS

   Data Quality Health and Status

DQAR

   Data Quality Assessment Report

DQM

   Data Quality Manager

DQMS

   Data Quality Management System

DQO

   Data Quality Office

DQPR

   Data Quality Problem Report

DQR

   Data Quality Report

DR

  depolarization ratio

DRE

  direct radiative effect

DRF

   direct radiative forcing or direct radiative feedback or diurnal mean radiative forcing

DRFE

  diurnal mean radiative forcing efficiency or diffuse radiation fertilization effect

DRI

   Desert Research Institute

DRUM

  Davis Rotating-drum Universal-size-cut Monitoring

DRUM-CP

  DRUM with Cold Plate

DSC

   directed scattering coefficients

DSD

   drop size distribution

DSE

  dry static energy

DSIT

   Data and Science Integration Team

DSLR

  digital single-lens reflex

DSP

   digital signal processor

DTLB

  drained thaw lake basin

DTR

  diurnal temperature range

DTS

  distributed temperature sensing

DUP

  dust uplift potential

DVD

  Doppler velocity difference

DVM

   dynamic vegetation model

DWR

   dual-wavelength ratio

DYAMOND

  Dynamics of the Atmospheric general circulation Modeled on Non-hydrostatic Domains

DYCOMS-II

  Second Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus Experiment

DYMECS

   Dynamical and Microphysical Evolution of Convective Storms

DYNAMO

   Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO)

DYPTOP

  Dynamical Peatland Model Based on TOPMODEL

E

E-AIM

  Extended Aerosol Inorganics Model

E3SM

  Energy Exascale Earth System Model

EA

  environmental assessment

EAGLES

  Enabling aerosol-cloud interactions at global convection-permitting scales

EAMv1-RRM

  Energy Exascale Earth System Model Atmosphere Model version 1 Regionally Refined Model

EARLINET

  European Aerosol Research Lidar Network

EASE

  Equal-Area Scalable Earth grid

EASM

  East Asian summer monsoon

EASOE

  European Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Experiment

EAST-AIRC

  East Asian Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols and Impact on Regional Climate

EAST-AIRE

  East Asian Study of Tropospheric Aerosols: an International Regional Experiment

EB

  energy balance

EBBR

  energy balance bowen ratio

EBM

  energy balance model

EBWDM

  entropy-based wavelet denoising method

EC

  Experiment Center or eddy correlation or eddy covariance or Environment Canada or elemental carbon

ECC

   electrochemical cell

ECCC

  Environmental and Climate Change Canada

ECDL

   external cavity diode laser

ECHM

  European Centre Hamburg Model

ECL

  elastic cloud lidar

ECLIPS

   Experimental Cloud Lidar Pilot Study

ECMWF

   European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts

ECOR

   eddy correlation or eddy correlation flux measurement system

ECOSTRESS

  ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station

ECPC

  Experimental Climate Prediction Center (Scripps Institution of Oceanography)

ECPP

  Explicit-Cloud Parameterized-Pollutant

ECR

   Engineering Change Request

ECRP

  Early Career Research Program (DOE)

ECS

  equilibrium climate sensitivity or effective climate sensitivity

ECV

   essential climate variable

ED

   experiment design

EDAS

   Eta Data Assimilation System

EDC

  EROS Data Center (USGS)

EDDI

  Evaporative Demand Drought Index

EDGAR

   Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research

EDM

  environmental dust monitor

EDMF

  eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux

EDR

  energy dissipation rate

EDS

  energy dispersive spectroscopy

EDX

  energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

EDXMA

  energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis

EECRA

  Extended Edited Synoptic Cloud Reports Archive

EELS

  electron energy loss spectroscopy

EEPROM

  electrically erasable programmable read-only memory

EERE

  Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (U.S. Department of Energy)

EESI

  extractive electrospray ionization

EF

   extended facility or evaporative fraction or emission factor

EF/TEM

  energy filtered/transmission electron microscopy

EFEDA

  European Field Experiment in a Desertification-threatened Area

EGA

  evolved gas analysis

EGF

  ethanol growth factors

EGU

   electric generation unit

EI

  electron ionization

EIL

   entrainment interfacial layer

EIS

  estimated inversion strength

EKE

  eddy kinetic energy

EL

  equilibrium level

ELF

  extremely low frequency

ELP

   evaporated liquid particle

ELVOC

  extremely low-volatility organic compound

EM

  electron microscopy

EM-MIC

  electromagnetic-microphysical

EMEP

  European Monitoring of Environmental Pollution program or European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme

EMERALD

  Egrett Microphysics Experiment with Radiation, Lidar, and Dynamics

EMEX

   Equatorial Mesoscale Experiment

EML

   Environmental Measurements Laboratory (DOE)

EMPM

  explicit mixing parcel model

ENA

   Eastern North Atlantic

ENCORE

   ENsemble ClOud Retrieval

EnKF

  ensemble adjustment Kalman filter

ENP/A

   Eastern North Pacific/Atlantic

ENSO

   El Nino-Southern Oscillation

ENTLN

  Earth Networks Total Lightning Network

ENVI

   Environment for Visualizing Images

ENVSAT

   ESA earth observation satellite (now inactive)

EOF

   empirical orthogonal functions

EOL

   Earth Observing Laboratory (NCAR)

EOM

   Easter Ocean Margin (CART site)

EOP

   experiment operation plan or extended operational period

EOS

   Earth Observing System

EPA

   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

EPCAPE

  Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment

EPIC

   Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate

EPLAB

   The Eppley Laboratory, Inc.

EPRI

  Electric Power Research Institute

ER

   ecosystem respiration

ERASMUS

   Evaluation of Routine Atmospheric Sounding Measurements using Unmanned Systems

ERAST

   Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Technology (NASA)

ERBE

   Earth Radiation Budget Experiment

ERF

  effective radiative forcing

ERL

   Environmental Research Laboratory

ERL (SGP site)

   Electronics Repair Laboratory

ERM

  eddy-resolving model

EROS

   earth sciences resources observation systems

ERS-1

   European research satellite-1

ESA

   European Space Agency or enhanced sounding array

ESC

  electrified shower cloud

ESCAPE

  Experiment of Sea Breeze Convection, Aerosols, Precipitation and Environment

ESFT

   exponential sum fitting of transmission (technique)

ESGF

   Earth System Grid Federation

ESI

  electrospray ionization

ESLCS

  Enhanced Soundings for Local Coupling Studies

ESM

   Earth System Modeling (U.S. DOE program)

ESM-SnowMIP

   Earth System Model Snow Model Intercomparison Project

ESMF

  Earth System Modeling Framework

ESMValTool

   Earth System Model Evaluation Tool

ESP

  Earth System Predictability

ESRL

   Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA)

ESS-DIVE

  Environmental System Science Data Infrastructure for a Virtual Ecosystem

ESTAR

   electronically scanned thinned array radiometer

ESTARFM

  Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model

ET

   evapotranspiration

ETA/EDAS

   ETA Data Assimilation System

ETH

  echo top height

ETL

   Environmental Technology Laboratory (NOAA)

ETM+

   enhanced thematic mapper plus

EUC

  Equatorial Undercurrent

EUCREM

  European Cloud-Resolving Modeling

EUCREX

  European Cloud and Radiation Experiment

EUFAR

  European Facility for Airborne Research

EUMETSAT

  European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites

EUREC4A

  Elucidating the Role of Clouds-Circulation Coupling in Climate

EUROCS

   European Project for Cloud Systems Studies

EUSAAR

  European Supersites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research

EVI

  enhanced vegetation index

EVS

   Earth Venture Suborbital

EWO

   Engineering Work Order

ExINP-SGP

  Examining the Ice-Nucleating Particles from Southern Great Plains

F

FAA

   Federal Aviation Administration

FAAM

   Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (UK)

FACE

   Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment

FAD

  frequency-by-altitude diagram

FAIR

  Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable

FAN

  Federated Aerosol Network (NOAA)

FAO

  Flatland Atmospheric Observatory

FARLAB

  Facility for Advanced Isotopic Research and Monitoring of Weather, Climate and Biogeochemical Cycling (University of Bergen, Norway)

FARMS

  Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications

FARMS-DNI

  Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications with Direct Normal Irradiance

FASCODE

   Fast Atmospheric Signature Code

FASE

   FASCODE for the environment

FASINEX

   First Air-Sea Interaction Experiment

FASTER

   FAst-physics System TEstbed and Research (a BNL project)

FBAP

   fluorescent biological aerosol particle

FC

   IISCCP Flux Cloud

FCC

   fractional cloud cover

FCCSET

   Federal Coordinating Council on Science, Engineering, and Technology

FCDP

   fast cloud droplet probe

FDDA

   four-dimensional data assimilation

FDTD

   finite-dimensional data assimilation or finite-difference time domain

FE-SEM

  field emission scanning electron microscope

FFP

  Flux Footprint Prediction

FFSSP

   fast-forwarding scattering spectrometer probe

FFT

   fast Fourier transform

FFV

  factorized finite volume

FIA

   Forest Inventory and Analysis

FIDO

   Field Instrument Deployments and Operations

FIDUCEO

  Fidelity and Uncertainty in Climate Data record from Earth Observations

FIE

   first aerosol indirect effect

FIFE

   First ISLSCP Field Experiment

FIGAERO

  filter inlet for gases and aerosols

FIMS

   fast integrating mobility spectrometer

FIR

  finite impulse response

FIRE

   First ISCCP Regional Experiment

FireMIP

  Fire Modeling Intercomparison Project

FIREX-AQ

  Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality campaign

FIRMS

  Fire Information for Resource Management System (NASA)

FIRST

  Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Troposphere

FLAASH

   Fast Line-of-Sight Atmospheric Analysis of Hypercubes

FLAME-IV

  Fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment

FLEXTRKR

  Flexible Object Tracker

FLOR

  Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution

FLRT

   flexible, longwave, radiative transfer

FMCW

   Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave

FMF

  fine mode fraction

FMI

   Finnish Meteorological Institute

FNMOC

  Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center

FONSI

   finding of no significant impact

FOO

  frequency of occurrence

ForestGEO

   Forest Global Earth Observatory

FORJ

  fiber optic rotary joint

ForTraCC

  Forecasting and Tracking the evolution of Cloud Clusters

FOV

   field of view

FPAR

  fraction of photosynthetically active radiation

FPH

  frost point hygrometer

fps

   frames per second

FRAM-IF

  Fog Remote Sensing and Modeling-Ice Fog

FROST

  Front Range Orographic Storms

FRP

  fire radiative power

FRSR

   fast rotating shadowband radiometer

FSBR

   fractional solar broadband radiometer

FSD

  fractional standard deviation

FSL

   Forecast Systems Laboratory (NOAA)

FSSP

   forward scattering spectrometer probe

FT

  free troposphere

FT-ICR

  Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance

FTIR

   fourier transform infrared radiometer

FTRH

  free tropospheric relative humidity

FTS

   Fourier transform spectrometer

FWHM

   full width at half maximum

FWI

  Fractional Water Index

FWSC

  fair-weather shallow cumulus

FY

   Fiscal Year

FZL

   freezing level

G

GA

   Geoscience Australia or genetic algorithm

GAC

   global area coverage

GALE

   Genesis of Atmosphere Lows Experiment

GALION

  GAW Aerosol LIdar Observing Network

GAPD

   Geiger-mode avalanche photo diode detector

GAPEX

  Ground-based Atmospheric Profiling Experiment

GAPP

   GEWEX Americas Prediction Project

GARP

   Global Atmospheric Research Program

GASS

  global atmospheric system studies

GATE

   GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment

GAUS

   GPS Advanced Upper-Air Sounding System

GAW

   Global Atmosphere Watch

GC-ECD

   gas chromatograph-electron capture detector

GC-ITMS

   gas chromatograph ion trap mass spectrometer

GC-MS

   gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer

GCCN

  giant cloud condensation nuclei

GCD

  Global Charcoal Database

GCE

  Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model

GchM-O

  Global Chemistry Model driven by observed meteorology

GCIP

   GEWEX Continental-Scale International Project

GCM

  General Circulation Model

GCMS

  gas chromatography mass spectrometry

GCOS

   Global Climate Observing System

GCPM

  global convection-permitting model

GCSS

   GEWEX Cloud System Study

GCW

   Global Cryosphere Watch

GDAL

  Geospatial Data Abstraction Library

GDAS

  Global Data Assimilation System

GDEM

  Global Digital Elevation Model

GEA

  generic enhanced absorption

GEBA

   Global Energy Balance Archive

GEC

  global electric circuit

GECKO-A

   Generator of Explicit Chemistry and Kinetics of Organics in the Atmosphere

GEDI

   Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation

GEFS

  Global Ensemble Forecast System

GEISA

   Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmospheriques

GEM

   Global Ecosystem Monitoring network or Global Environmental Multiscale model

GEMS

  Global Environmental Monitoring System

GENESIS

   Global Environmental and Ecological Simulation of Interactive Systems

GEOS

   Goddard Earth Observing System

GERB

   Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget

GES DISC

  Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (NASA)

GEWEX

   Global Energy and Water Experiment

GF

  growth factor

GFA

   geophysical focus area

GFAS

  Global Fire Assimilation System

GFDL

   Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

GFED

   Global Fire Emissions Database

GFEM

  Galerkin finite element method

GFS

   Global Forecasting System (NCEP)

GHCN

  Global Historic Climatology Network

GHI

  global horizontal irradiance

GIEMS

  Global Inundation Extent from Multi-Satellites

GIF

  Guest Instrument Facility (at ARM SGP site)

GIFTS

  Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer

GIIRS

  Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder

GIM

   geostatistical inverse modeling

GIPSY-OASIS

  GNSS-Inferred Positioning System and Orbit Analysis Simulation Software

GIS

   geophysical information system

GISS

   Goddard Institute for Space Studies

GIST

   GEWEX Integrated System Test

GLACE

   Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment

GLAFOS

  GEWEX Land-Atmosphere Feedback Observatories

GLAS

  Geoscience Laser Altimeter System

GLASS

  Global Land-Atmosphere System Study

GLCTS

   Global Land Cover Test Site

GLDAS

  Global Land Data Assimilation System

GLEAM

  Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model

GLENS

  Geoengineering Large Ensemble Project

GLM

  generalized linear model or Geostationary Lightning Mapper

GLO

  ground-level ozone

GloBEIS

  Global Biosphere Emissions and Interactions System

GLODAP

  Global Ocean Data Analysis Project

GLOMAP

   Global Model of Aerosol Processes

GMAO

  Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (NASA)

GMCC

  Geophysical Monitoring for Climate Change (NOAA)

GMD

   Global Monitoring Division

GMI

  GPM Microwave Imager

GMMIP

  Global Monsoon Model Intercomparison Project

GMS

   geostationary meteorological satellite or gross moist stability

GMSL

  Global Mean Sea Level

GMST

  global mean surface temperature

GMT

   Greenwich Mean Time

GNDRAD

   ground radiometers on stand for upwelling radiation

GNDVI

  green normalized difference vegetation index

GNSS

   Global Navigation Satellite System

GO-SHIP

  Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program

GOALS

   global-ocean-atmosphere-land-system

GOAMAZON

   Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon

GOBM

  global ocean biogeochemical model

GOCART

  Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport model

GODAS

  Global Ocean Data Assimilation System

GOES

   Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GoMACCS

   Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study

GOME

   Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment

GOSAT

   Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite

GPCC

  Global Precipitation Climatology Centre

GPCI

   GCSS Pacific Cross-Section Intercomparison

GPCP

  Global Precipitation Climatology Project

GPH

  geopotential height

GPM

   Global Precipitation Measurement mission (NASA)

GPM DPR

  Global Precipitation Measurement Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar

GPP

   gross primary productivity

GPR

  Gaussian Processes Regression

GPS

   global positioning system

GPS RO

   global positioning system radio occultation

GPV

  gasoline-powered vehicles

GRACE

   Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment

GRAMS

   ground radiation measurement system

GRDC

   Global Runoff Data Center

GrIS

  Greenland Ice Sheet

GRIST

  Global-to-Regional Integrated forecast System

GRMDM

  Generalized Refractive Mixing Dielectric Model

GROGRAT

  Gravity wave Regional OR Global Ray Tracer model

GRUAN

   GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network

GRVI

  green-red vegetation index

GSA

   global sensitivity analysis

GSAT

  global surface air temperature

GSD

   geometric standard deviation

GSFC

   Goddard Space Flight Center

GSI

   Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation

GSL

  Global Systems Laboratory

GSM

   global spectral model

GSPO

   Global Studies Program Office

GSRM

  global storm-resolving model

GSWP3

   Global Soil Wetness Project 3

GTC

  growth tube collector

GTE/ABLE

  Global Tropospheric Experiment/Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment

GTS

   global telecommunications system

GUAN

  GCOS Upper Air Network or German Ultrafine Aerosol Network

GUI

   graphical user interface

GVAP

   GEWEX Water Vapor Project

GVAX

   Ganges Valley Aerosol Experiment

GVD

  gradient of Doppler velocity

GVF

  Greenness Vegetation Fraction

GVR

   G-band (183 GHz) vapor radiometer

GVRP

   G-band (183 GHz) vapor radiometer profiler

GWTSA

   gamma-weighed two-stream approximation

H

HadGEM2-ES

  Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 2, earth system configuration

HadISST

  Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature data set

HADS

  Hydrometeorological Automated Data System

HAFS

  Hurricane Analysis and Forecasting System

HAIC-HIWC

   High Altitude Ice Crystals-High Ice Water Content Project

HALOE

  Halogen Occultation Experiment

HAMSR

  high-altitude MMIC sounding radiometer

HAPEX

   Hydrology Atmosphere Pilot Experiment

HARIMAU

   Hydrometeorological Array for Interseasonal Variation-Monsoon Automonitoring

HARP

  HIAPER Airborne Radiation Package or Hawaiian Warm Rain Project

HATPRO

  Humidity and Temperature Profiler

HAWKS

   HITRAN Atmospheric Workstation

HBL

   hurricane boundary layer

HBMI

   Howard Beltsville MWR Intercomparison

HCA

  hydrometeor classification algorithm

HCF

  heated condensation framework

HCFC

  hydrofluorocarbon

HCR

  HIAPER Cloud Radar or horizontal convective roll

HD(CP)2

  High-Definition Cloud and Precipitation for Advancing Climate Prediction

HDF

   Heirarchical Data Format

HDOP

  Horizontal dilution of precision

HDPE

  high-density polyethylene

HDR

   high dynamic range

HEA

  high-energy approximation

HEPA

   high-efficiency particulate air (filter)

HERB

  Hydrologic Cycle and Earth Radiation Budget

HEVI

  Horizontally Explicit Vertically Implicit

HFC

  hydrofluorocarbon

HFIP

  Hurricae Forecasting Improvement Project (NOAA)

HGF

  hygroscopic growth factors

HI-SCALE

   Holistic Interactions of Shallow Clouds, Aerosols, and Land-Ecosystems

HIAPER

   High-performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research

HighResMIP

  High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project

HiLaMS

  High-Latitude Measurement of Snowfall

HiLAT-RASM

  High-Latitude Application and Testing of Earth System Models-Regional Arctic System Model (DOE)

HINC

  horizontal ice nucleation chamber

HIPPO

   HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations

HiRAM

  High-Resolution Atmospheric Model

HIRLAM

   high-resolution limited area model

HIRS

  High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Scanner

HIS

  high-resolution interferometer spectrometer or hyperspectral imaging

HITRAN

   high-resolution transmission

HiWATER

  Heihe watershed allied telemetry experimental research

HL

   high latitude

HMQC

  heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence

HMT

   hydrometeorological testbed

HOA

  hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol

HOBE

  Hydrological Observatory and Exploratorium (Danish)

HOLODEC

   holographic detector for clouds

HOM

  highly oxidized molecule or highly oxygenated molecule or Holmes Moss (UK)

HOMME

   High Order Method Modeling Environment

HONER

   hemispherical optimized new radiometer

HOPE

   High-Definition Clouds and Precipitation Observational Prototype Experiment or Hamburg Ocean Primitive Equation

HPLC

  high-performance liquid chromatography

HPR

  high-pressure ridge

HR

   heating rate

HR ToF-CIMS

  high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer

HR-ESI/MS

  high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

HRDL

   high-resolution doppler lidar

HRLDAS

  High-Resolution Land Data Assimilation System

HRMS

  high-resolution mass spectrometry

HRRR

   High-Resolution Rapid Refresh

HSD

  hydrometeor size distribution

HSFOVR

   hemispherical field of view radiometer

HSI

   hemispheric sky imager

HSRHI

  hemispheric range height indicator

HSRL

   high-spectral-resolution lidar

HSVD

   hydrometeor velocity size detector

HTAP

   Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution emissions inventory

HTDMA

  hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer

HUCM

   Hebrew University of Jerusalem Cloud Model

HULIS

   humic-like substances

HUMEX -- I

   Humidity Experiment - Infrared

HVPS

   high-volume precipitation spectrometer

HVSD

  hydrometer velocity and shape detector

HWRF

  Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting

HWT

  Hazardous Weather Testbed (NOAA)

HYSPLIT

   Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory

I

IABP

  International Arctic Buoy Programme

IAGOS

  In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System or In-flight Atmospheric Observing System

IAM

  incidence angle modifier or integrated assessment model

IAMAS

  International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science

IAP

   in situ aerosol profile

IARPC

   Interagency Arctic Research Policy

IASC-AWG

   International Arctic Science Committee-Atmosphere Working Group

IASI

   infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer

IASOA

   International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere

IATA

   International Air Transport Association

IAV

  interannual variability

IBBCEES

  Incoherent Broadband Cavity Enhanced Extinction spectrometer

IBTrACS

  International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship

IC

  ion chromatography

ICA

   independent column approximation

ICAMS

  Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services

ICARTT

   International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation

ICARUS

   Inaugural Campaigns for ARM Research using Unmanned Systems

ICCAGRA

  Interagency Coordinating Committee for Airborne Geosciences Research and Applications (U.S. Government)

ICE

  Interface Configuration Experiment

ICE-L

  Ice in Clouds Experiment-Layers

ICE-T

  Ice in Clouds Experiment-Tropical

ICEALOT

  International Chemistry Experiment in the Arctic Lower Troposphere

ICECAPS

  e Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit Program

ICESat

  Ice, Clouds, and Land Elevation Satellite

ICI

   Infrared Cloud Imager

ICICLE

  In-Cloud Icing and Large-drop Experiment

ICL

   integrated cloud liquid or interband cascade laser

ICOADS

  International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set

ICOS

   Integrated Carbon Observation System or Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy

ICP

  inductively coupled plasma-based techniques

ICP-AES

  inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy

ICP-OES

  inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy

ICPM

  International Commission on Polar Meteorology

ICPR

  integrated cross-polarization ratio

ICRCCM

   Intercomparison of Radiation Codes in Climate Models

ICTP

  Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics

IDASS

   integrated data assimilation and sounding system

IDEAS-2011

   Instrumentation Development and Education in Airborne Science 2011 (NSF)

IDL

   interactive data language

IDP

   Instrument Development Program

IEEE

   Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IEPOX SOA

  isoprene-epoxydiol-derived secondary organic aerosol

IF

   intermediate frequency or ice fog

IFA

   intensive flux array

IFFExO

  Ice Fog Field Experiment at Oliktok Point

IFN

   ice-forming nuclei

IFO

   intensive field observation

IFOV

   instantaneous field of view

IFREMER

  Institut Francais pour la Recherche et l'Exploitation de la MER

IGAC

  International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project

IGB

  Indo-Gangetic Basin

IGBP

   International Geosphere Biosphere Programme

IGE

  Institut des Geosciences de L'Environnement

IGIM

  Interagency Group on Integrative Modeling

IGOM

  improved geometric optics method

IGP

  Indo-Gangetic Plain

IGR

  inherent growth rate

IGRA

  Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (NOAA)

IGS

   International GNSS Service

IGW

  inertio-gravity wave

IHOP

   International H2O Project

IIASA

  International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

IIDC

   Instrumentation and Industrial Digital Camera

IIOE

  International Indian Ocean Expedition

IITM

  Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology

ILAMB

   International Land Model Benchmarking

ILS

   instrument line shape

ILW

   integrated liquid water

IMB

   Infrastructure Management Board

IMBIE

  Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise

IMD

  Indian Meteorological Department

IMERG

  Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement

IMFC

  integrated moisture flux convergence

IMG

   Interferometric Monitor of Greenhouse Gases

IMMS

   Instrument Mentor Monthly Summary

IMPACT

  Integrated Massively Parallel Atmospheric Chemistry Transport model

IMPACTS

  Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms

IMPROVE

   Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (U.S.) or Improvement of Microphysical Parameterization through Observational Verification Experiment

IMR

   ice mixing ratio

IMS

  Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System or ion mobility spectrometry

IN

  ice nuclei

INAS

  ice nucleation active site

INCA

  Interhemispheric difference in cirrus properties from anthropogenic emissions

INDOEX

   Indian Ocean Experiment

INFLAME

  In situ Net Flux with the Atmosphere of Earth

INP

   ice-nucleating particle

INPA

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia

INPE

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais

INPOP

  Ice Nucleating Particles at Oliktok Point

INRA

  Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (France)

INS

  Inertial Navigation System

INSTAAR

   Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research

INTERACT

   International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic

INTEX-B

  Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-Phase B

InvCM

  inverse climate modeling

IOD

  Indian Ocean dipole

IOP

  intensive operational period

IOT

  Internet of things

IPA

   independent pixel approximation

IPAS

  ice particle aggregate simulator

IPASRC

   International Pyrgeometer and Absolute Sky-scanning Radiometer Comparison

IPC

   International Pyrheliometer Comparison

IPCC

   Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPEX

  Intermountain Precipitation Experiment

IPHEX

   integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment

IPM

   instrument performance model

IPMA

  Instituto Portugues do Mar e da Atmosfera

IPN

  integrated photoacoustic-nephelometer

IPO

  Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation

IPRC

  International Pacific Research Center

IPSL

  Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace

IPY

   International Polar Year

IR

   infrared

IRBT

  infrared brightness temperature

IRF

   instantaneous radiative flux

IRGA

   infrared gas analyzer

IRI

  International Research Institute for Climate and Society

IRICP

   International Research Institute for Climate Prediction

IRIS

  integrating sphere infrared radiometer

IRISS

  Integrated Remote and In Situ Sensing

IRSI

   infrared sky imager

IRT

   infrared thermometer

IS

  ice spectrometer

ISAN

   isentropic analysis

ISAR

   Infrared Sea Surface Temperature Autonomous Radiometer

ISCCP

   International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project

ISDAC

   Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign

ISHMAEL

  Ice-Spheroids Habit Model with Aspect-Ration Evolution

ISIMIP

  Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project

ISIS

  Integrated Surface Irradiance Study

ISLAS

  Isotopic Links to Atmospheric Water's Sources

ISLSCP

   International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project

ISM

   Indian summer monsoon

ISMAR

  International Sub-millimeter Airborne Radiometer

ISMIP

  Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project

ISMN

  International Soil Moisture Network

ISO

   International Organization for Standardization or intraseasonal oscillation

ISOPOOH

  isoprene hydroxy hydroperoxide

ISRO

  Indian Space Research Organization

ISS

   integrated sounding system

ISTI

  International Surface Temperature Initiative

ISVHE

   Intraseasonal Variability Hindcast Experiment

ISWP

  intraseasonal westward-propagating signal

IT

   instrument team

ITCZ

   intertropical convergence zone

ITEX

   International Tundra Experiment or Island Thunderstorm Experiment

ITF

  Intertropical Front

ITOP

   Intercontinental Transport of Ozone and Precursors experiment

ITP

  Ice-tethered profiler

ITPP

   International TOVS Processing Package

IVOC

   intermediate-volatility organic compound

IVT

  integrated vapor transport

IWC

   ice water content

IWP

   ice water path

IWRF

  Integrated Weather Radar Facility

IWV

   integrated water vapor

J

JACCS

   Japanese Cloud and Climate Study

JAMSTEC

   Japanese Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

JASMINE

   Joint Air-Sea Monsoon Interaction Experiment

JAXA

   Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

JD

   Julian Day

JFD

   joint frequency distribution

JHWRP

  Joint Hawaiian Warm Rain Project

JISAO

   Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean

JOSS

   Joint Office for Science Support

JOYCE

  Julich Observatory for Cloud Evolution (Germany)

JPEG

   Joint Photographic Expert Group file format

JPL

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA)

JPSS

  Joint Polar Satellite System

JULES

  Joint UK Land Environment Simulator

JWD

   Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer

K

KaRVIR

  Ka-band rapid volume imaging radar

KASPR

  Ka-band scanning polarimetric radar

KBDI

  Keetch-Byram Drought Index

KDE

   kernel density equivalent

KDGPAPS

  Kennaook/Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station

KF-CuP

   Kain--Fritsch cumulus potential

KM-SUB

  kinetic multi-layer model of aerosol surface and bulk chemistry

KNMI

   Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute

KRAQNb

  Korea Air Quality Network

KSC

  Kennedy Space Center (NASA)

KWAJEX

  Kwajalein Field Experiment

L

LA

  land-atmosphere

LAAPTOF

  laser ablation aerosol particle time-of-flight mass spectrometer

LABLE

   Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment

LAC

   light-absorbing carbon

LACIS

  Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator

LACO

   Laboratory for Aerosol and Cloud Optics

LAFE

   Land-Atmosphere Feedback Experiment

LAI

   leaf area index

LAII

   land-atmosphere-ice-interactions

Lake-ICE

   Lake-Induced Convection Experiment

LAMPAS

  laser mass analysis of particles in the airborne state

LAMS

   limited area models

LANCE

  Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (NASA)

LANDSAT-TM

   Land Satellite Thematic Mapper

LANL

   Los Alamos National Laboratory

LAOC

   light-absorbing organic carbon

LAPS

  Local Analysis and Prediction System or light-absorbing particles

LARC

   Langely Research Center (NASA)

LAS

   laser aerosol spectrometer

LASE

   Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment

LASIC

   Layered Atlantic Smoke Interactions with Clouds

LASPLAST

  Leicester Along-Track Scanning Radiometer and Sea Surface Temperature Radiometer Processor for Land Surface Temperature

LASSO

   LES ARM Symbiotic Simulation and Observation

LBA

   Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia

LBCL

  liquid-bearing cloud layer

LBL

   line-by-line

LBLRTM

   Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model

LBNL

  Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

LBTM

   Layered Bispectral Threshold Method

LCHLS

  Land Cover Heterogeneity Length Scale

LCL

   lifting condensation level

LDAR

  Lightning Detection and Ranging

LDAS

  Land Data Assimilation Project

LDEO

  Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

LDI

  laser desorption ionization

LDIS

  laser disdrometer

LDLS

  laser-driven light source

LDN

   Lightening Detection Network (U.S.)

LDR

   linear depolarization ratio

LE

   latent energy

LEADEX

  Lead Experiment

LED

   light-emitting diode

LED-CE-DOAS

   light-emitting diode cavity-enhanced differential optical absorption spectroscopy

LEM

  Lagrangian-Eulerian Model

LES

   large-eddy simulation

LFC

   level of free convection

LGM

  last glacial maximum

LH

   latent heat

LHF

  latent heat flux

LI

   lifted index

LIF

   laser-induced fluorescence or laser-induced fluorescence

LIFT

   Lidars in Flat Terrain Experiment

LII

  laser-induced incandescence

LIM

  linear inverse model

LIMS

  Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere

LINDA

  LED-Based Ice Nucleation Detection Apparatus

LIP or Lightning Instrument Package (NASA)

  localized intensification of precipitation

LIRAD

   lidar-infrared radiometer

LIS

   Land Information System (NASA)

LITE

   Lidar In-space Technology Experiment

LLJ

   low-level jet

LLNL

   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

LMA

  Lightning Mapping Array

LMB

   level of maximum buoyancy

LMD

  Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique or level of maximum detrainment

LMMS

  laser microprobe mass spectrometry

LMOS

  Lake Michigan Ozone Study

LMS

   least median squares

LN

   liquid nitrogen

LNA

   low noise amplifier

LNB

   level of neutral buoyancy

LoCo

  Local Land-Atmosphere Coupling project

LOD

   limit of detection

LOESS

  locally estimated scatterplot smoothing

LOPES

  long path extinction spectrometer

LP DAAC

  Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center

LPDM

   Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model

LPI

  low-pressure impactor

LPL

  lifted parcel layer

LPM

  liters per minute or laser precipitation monitor

LPRM

  Land Parameter Retrieval Model

LPVEX

  Light Precipitation Validation Experiment

LRT

   long-range transport or local recommendation team

LRU

   lowest replaceable units (spare/replacement parts)

LS-SP-AMS

  light-scattering soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer

LS3MIP

   Land Surface, Snow and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Program

LSAT

  land surface air temperature

LSCE

  Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement (France)

LSE

  land surface emissivity

LSFEM

  least-squares finite element method

LSM

   land surface model

LSN

  light snow

LSP

  land surface parameterization or light scattering particle

LST

   local solar time or local standard time or land surface temperature

LTE

   local thermodynamic equilibrium

LTER

   Long-Term Ecological Research Network

LTS

   lower tropospheric stability

LUC

   land use category

LUCID

   Land-Use and Climate, IDentification of robust impacts

LUE

   light use efficiency

LULCC

   land use and land cover change

LUMIP

   Land Use Model Intercomparison Project

LUT

   look up table

LV-OOA

   low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosol

LVOC

  low-volatility organic compound

LW

   longwave

LWC

   liquid water content

LWCF

  longwave cloud forcing

LWDN

  Surface downward longwave radiation

LWE

   liquid water equivalent

LWP

   liquid water path

LWR

   longwave radiation

LWSI

  land surface water index

LWUP

  surface upward longwave radiation

M

M-O

   Monin-Obukhov

M-PACE

   Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment

MAAP

  multiple angle absorption photometer

MAAS

  Multisensor Agile Adaptive Sampling

MABNAG

  Model for Acid-Base chemistry in NAnoparticle Growth

MAC

   mass absorption cross-section or mass absorption coefficient

MACC

   Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate

MACE

  Multi-Spectral Atmospheric Column Extinction

MACPEX

   Middle Latitude Airborne Cirrus Properties Experiment

MADE

  Model Aerosol Dynamics Model for Europe

MADRID

  Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization, and Dissolution

MAE

  mass absorption efficiency or mean absolute error

MAERI

   marine atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer

MAGIC

   Marine ARM GPCI Investigation of Clouds

MAGICC

   Measurement of Atmospheric Gases Influencing Climate Change

MAIAC

  Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MODIS)

MALS

  multi-angle elastic light scattering

MAM

   Modal Aerosol Module

MAPP

  Modeling, Analysis, Prediction and Projection (NOAA program) or microphysical aerosol properties from polarimetry

MAPR

   multiple antenna profiling radar

MAPS

   Mesoscale Analysis and Prediction System

MAQNET

  multi-scale air quality network

MARCUS

   Measurement of Aerosols, Radiation and Clouds over the Southern Oceans

MAS

   MODIS airborne simulator

MASC

   Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera

MASE

   MArine Stratus Experiment

MASRAD

   Marine Stratus Radiation Aerosol and Drizzle

MAST

   Monterey Area Ship Track Experiment

MATCH

   Model for Atmosphere Transport and Chemistry

MAX-Mex

   Megacity Aerosol eXperiment - Mexico City

MBA

  marine biogenic aerosol

MBE

  mean bias error

MBL

   marine boundary layer

MC3E

   Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment

MCAO

  marine cold air outbreak

MCBH

   multiple cloud base height

MCC

   mesoscale convective complex or mesoscale cellular convection

MCE

   modified combustion efficiency or mesoscale cloud ensemble

MCICA

   Monte Carlo Independent Column Approximation

MCIDAS

   man-computer interactive data analysis system

MCM

  Master Chemical Mechanism

MCMC

  Markov chain Monte Carlo

MCMS

  Modeling, Analysis and Prediction Climatology of Midlatitude Storminess database (NASA)

MCPC

  mixing condensation particle counter

MCS

   mesoscale convective system

MCSST

  multichannel sea surface temperature

MCTEX

   Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment

MDF

   model-data fusion

MDFA

  microfluidic droplet freezing array

MDN

   meta data navigator

mdr

   minimum detectable radiance

MDS

   meta data system

MDTERP

   Maryland Terrestrial Radiation Package

MDV

  mean Doppler velocity

ME

   modulation efficiency

MED

   mass equivalent diameter

MEE

  mass extinction efficiency

MEFO

   Manitou Experimental Forest Observatory

MEGAN

   Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature

MEIC

  Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China

MERIS

  medium-resolution imaging spectrometer

MERRA

  Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications

MESH

  maximum expected size of hail

MET

   Meteorological Instrumentation at AMF

MetUM

  Met Office Unified Model (UK)

MEX

  Mexico City

MFC

  moisture flux convergence or mass flow controller

MFP

   mean-free-path

MFR

   multi-filter radiometer

MFRIRT

   multifilter radiometer and infrared thermometer

MFRSR

   multi-filter rotating shadowband radiometer

MHS

  Microwave Humidity Sounder

MHz

   megahertz

MICA

  Morphological Index of Convective Aggregation

MICRE

   Macquarie Island Cloud and Radiation Experiment

MidCiX

  Midlatitude Cirrus Experiment

MILAGRO

  Megacity Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations

MIMD

  multiple instruction multiple data

miniSPLAT

  miniaturized single-particle mass spectrometer

MINT

  Microfluidic Ice Nucleation Technique

MINX

  MISR Interactive Explorer

MIP

   model intercomparison project

MIPS

  mobile integrated profiling system

MIR

   millimeter-wave imaging radiometer

MIRAGE

  Model for Integrated Research on Atmospheric Global Exchanges

MIROC

  Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate

MIRS

   Microwave Integrated Retrieval System

MISI

  Marine Ice Sheet Instability

MISMO

  Mirai Indian Ocean Cruise for the Study of the MJO Convection Onset

MISO

  monsoon intraseasonal oscillation

MISR

   multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer

MISS

  mobile integrated sounding system

MIST

  multiple instruments stackable tower

MIZ

  marginal ice zone

MIZOPEX

   Marginal Ice Zone Observations and Processes Experiment

MJO

   Madden-Julian Oscillation

MJY

   Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (a PBL modeling scheme)

ML

  mixing layer or melting layer or machine learning

MLC

  multi-layer clouds

MLD

  mixed-layer depth

MLR

  multinominal logistic regression

MLS

   mid-latitude summer or microwave limb sounder

MLW

   mid-latitude winter

MM

   mobile mesonet

MM5

   Mesoscale Meteorology model version 5

MMCR

   millimeter wave cloud radar or multimode cloud radar

MMD

   mean mass diameter

MMF

   multi-scale modeling framework

MMIC

  monolithic microwave integrated circuit

MMR

  mass mixing ratio

MMTP

   microwave temperature profiler

MNMB

   modified normalized mean biases

MNSP

  multiplicative-noise stochastic physics

MOA

   marine organic aerosol or memorandum of agreement

MOAPP

  Multi-Object Analysis of Atmospheric Phenomenon

MOAS

   Microwave Oxygen Absorption Study

MOC

  meridional overturning circulation

MOCCHA

  Microbiology-Ocean-Cloud Coupling in the High Arctic

MODIS

   moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer

MODM

   monochromatic optical depth

MODTRAN

   moderate-resolution atmospheric radiance and transmittance model

MOHC

  Met Office Hadley Centre (UK)

MOI

  micro-orifice impactor

MOLTS

   model output location time series

MOONLIGHT

  Monoterpene and Oxygenated aromatic Oxidation at Night and under LIGHTS

MOP

   memorandum of participation

MOPA

   master oscillator power amplifier

MOPC

  miniaturized optical particle counter

MOPD

   maximum optical path difference

MOPEX

   Model Parameter Estimation Experiment

MOPITT

   measurements of pollution in the troposphere

MOR

   Meteorological Optical Range

MOSAIC

  Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry or Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate

MOST

   Monin-Obukhov similarity theory

MOU

   memorandum of understanding

MOUDI

  micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor

MOUDI-DFT

  Multi-Orifice Uniform Deposition Impaction - Droplet Freezing Technique

MOVI

  micro-orifice volatilization impactor

MOZAIC

  Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapor by Airbus in-service Aircraft

MOZART

   Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers

MPAS

   Model for Prediction Across Scales

MPC

  mixed-phase cloud

MPE

  maximum permisiable exposure or multisensor precipitation estimate

MPEG

   Moving Picture Expert Group file format

MPEX

  Mesoscale Predictability Experiment

MPI

   Max Planck Institute or Message Passing Interface

MPI-M

  Max Planck Institute for Meteorology

MPIC

   Max Planck Institute for Chemistry

MPIR

   multi-spectral pushbroom imaging radiometer

MPL

   micropulse lidar

MPM

  Millimeter-wave Propagation Model

MPSS

  mobility particle size spectrometer

MRAS

   mesoscale radiatively-induced anvil spreading

MRC

   Mission Research Corporation

MRDSS

  McGill Radar Doppler Spectra Simulator

MRF

   medium-range forecast

MRG

   mixed Rossby-gravity

MRI

   Meteorological Research Institute (Japan) or magnetic resonance imaging

MRMS

   multi-radar multi-sensor

MRO

   maximum-random overlap

MRR

  micro rain radar

MS

   marine stratus

MS-DA

   Multiscale Data Assimilation

MSC

  multichannel scaler card

MSE

  moist static energy

MSFES

  Mie solution for equivalent spheres

MSG

   Meteosat Second Generation

MSL

   mean sea level

MSLP

  mean sea level pressure

MSMM

  measurement system maturity matrix

MSS

   multi-spectral scanner

MSSA

   multi-channel singular spectral analysis

MsTMIP

   Multi-scale Synthesis & Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project

MSX

   Mid-Course Space Experiment

MTBS

  Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity data set

MTP

   microwave temperature profiler

MTVDI

  Modified Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index

MUCAPE

  most unstable convective available potential energy

MUCIN

  most-unstable convective inhibition

MWISP

  Mount Washington Icing Sensors Program

MWMFOC

   multi-wavelength multifield of view

MWR

   microwave radiometer

MWR3C

   microwave radiometer, 3-channel

MWRP

   microwave radiometer profiler

MWSR

   microwave water substance radiometer

MYNN

  Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino planetary boundary-layer parameterization scheme

N

N-ICE

   Norwegian Young Sea Ice Experiment

NAAMES

   North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecoystems Study

NAAPS

  Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System

NAAQS

  National Ambient Air Quality Standard

NAB

  National Allergy Bureau

NADA

  North American Drought Atlas

NAEI

   National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (UK)

NAIS

  neutral air ion spectrometer

NALMA

  North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array

NAM

   North American Model or Northern Annular Mode

NAME

   Nocturnal Avian Migration Experiment or North American Monsoon Experiment

NAMMA

  NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses

NAMS

  nanoaerosol mass spectrometer

NAO

  North Atlantic Oscillation

NARCCAP

  North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program

NARE

  North Atlantic Regional Experiment

NARL

   Naval Arctic Research Laboratory

NARR

   North American Regional Reanalysis

NAS

  National Academy of Science (U.S.)

NASA

   National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASCENT

  Ny-Alesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment

NASDA

   Japanese National Space Development Agency

NAST-I

  NPOESS Aircraft Sounding Testbed-Interferometer

NATO

   North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NAVGEM

  Navy Global Environmental Model

NAVMETOC

  Naval Meteorology and Oceanography

NBL

   nocturnal boundary layer

NBP

   net biosphere productivity

NCAR

   National Center for Atmospheric Research

NCAS

   NOAA Center for Atmospheric Sciences or National Centre for Atmospheric Science (UK)

NCC

  Norwegian Climate Centre

NCCS

  NASA Center for Climate Simulation

NCDC

   National Climatic Data Center

NCEI

  National Centers for Environmental Information

NCEO

  National Centre for Earth Observation (UK)

NCEP

   National Centers for Environmental Prediction

NCEP GFS

  National Centers for Environmental Prediction Forecasting System

NCFR

  narrow cold-front rainband

NCO

  Nepal Climate Observatory

NCP

  Normalized Coherent Power

NCSS

  National Cooperative Soil Survey

NDACC

   Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change

NDBC

  National Data Buoy Center

NDFD

  National Digital Forecast Database

NDIR

  nondispersive infrared

NDNR

   normalized differences of nadir reflectivity

NDSVI

  normalized difference senescent vegetation index

NDTI

  normalized difference tillage index

NDVI

   Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

NEAQS

   New England Air Quality Study

NEAX

   Northeast Aerosol Experiment

NED

  National Elevation Dataset

NEDIS

  National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NOAA)

NEE

   net ecosystem exchange

NEI

   National Emissions Inventory (U.S. EPA)

NEON

   National Ecological Observatory Network

NEP

   noise equivalent power or net ecosystem production

NEPA

   National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

NERC

   National Environment Research Council (UK)

NERSC

   National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (DOE)

NESDIS

   National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service

NetCDF

   Network Common Data Form

NEWS

  NASA Energy and Water cycle Study

NEXAFS

  near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure

NEXRAD

   next-generation weather radar

NFOV

   narrow field of view

NGA

   National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency

NGEE

   Next-Generation Ecological Experiment or Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments

NGMS

  Normalized Gross Moisture Stability

NGRIP

  North Greenland Ice Core Project

NGS

   National Geodetic Survey

NGWOS

  Next Generation Water Observing System (USGS)

NH-SCE

  Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover Extent data set

NIC

  noninductive charging

NICAM

  Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model

NIDIS

  National Integrated Drought Information System

NIDS

  NEXRAD Information Dissemination Service

NIEHS

   National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

NIES

   Nauru Island Effect Study or National Institute for Environmental Studies (Japan)

NIGEC

   National Institute for Global Environmental Change

NightFOX

  Nighttime Fire Observations eXperiment

NILU

   Norwegian Institute for Air Research

NIMFR

   normal incidence multifilter radiometer

NIP

   normal incidence pyrheliometer

NIPA

   nonlocal independent pixel approximation

NIR

   near infrared

NIST

   National Institute of Standards and Technology

NLCD

   National Land Cover Database

NLDAS

  National Land Data Assimilation System

NLDN

  National Lightning Detection Network

NLLJ

  nocturnal low-level jet

NMASS

   nucleation mode aerosol size spectrometer

NMB

  normalized mean bias

NMC

   National Meteorological Center

NMI

  nonlinear multiscale interaction

NMQ

  National Mosaic and Multisensor Quantitative Precipitation Estimation project

NMR

  nuclear magnetic resonance

NMVOC

   non-methane volatile organic compound

NNLS

   non-negative least squares

NOA

   nitrogen-enriched organic aerosol

NOAA

   National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOCS

   National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (UK)

NOGAPS

  Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System

NOMADS

  National Operational Model Archive and Distribution System (NOAA)

NORAD

   North American Aerospace Defense Command

NORAPS

  Navy Operational Regional Prediction System

NPF

   new particle formation

NPFS

  New Particle Formation Study

NPGO

  North Pacific Gyre Oscillation

NPI

   Norwegian Polar Institute

NPOESS

  National Polar orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System

NPOL

   NASA Polerametric radar site in rutherford County, North Carolina

NPP

   Net Primary Productivity

NR

   noonrefractory

NRB

   normalized relative backscatter

NRBC

   NCAR radiation bias correction

NRCS

   Natural Resources Conservation Service or normalized radar cross-section

NREL

   National Renewable Energy Laboratory

NRT

  near-real time

NSA

   North Slope of Alaska

NSA/AAO

   North Slope of Alaska and Adjacent Arctic Ocean

NSB

   North Slope Borough

NSE

   Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency

NSERC

   Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada)

NSF

   National Science Foundation

NSIDC

   National Snow and Ice Data Center

NSRDB

  National Solar Radiation Data Base

NSSL

   National Severe Storms Laboratory

NSTC

  National Science and Technology Council

NSWR

  net shortwave radiation

NT

  nontornadic storm

NTBC

   narrow-to-broadband-conversion

NTP

   Network Time Protocol

NU-WRF

  NASA Unified Weather Research and Forecasting model

NUCAPS

  NOAA-Unique Combined Atmospheric Processing System

NVAP

  NASA Water Vapor Project

NVDI

  normalized difference vegetation index

NWCSAF

  Nowcasting Satellite Application Facilities (EUMETSAT)

NWO

   Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research

NWP

   numerical weather prediction

NWRT

  National Weather Radar Testbed

NWS

   National Weather Service

O

OA

  organic aerosol

OAII

   Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice-Interactions

OAP

   optical array probe

OASIS

   Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea-Ice-Snow experiment or Optical Array Shadow Imaging Software

OBER

  Office of Biological and Environmental Research

OC

   organic carbon

OC-CCI

  Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative

OceanRAIN

  Ocean Rainfall and Ice-phase Precipitation Measurement Network

OCO

   Orbiting Carbon Observatory

OCS

   Oklahoma Climatological Society

OD

   optical depth

ODAS

  Ocean Data Assimilation System

ODE

   ozone depletion event or ordinary differential equation

ODEQ

   Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality

ODR

  Orthogonal Distance Regression

ODS

   ozone-depleting substance

ODV

  optical detection volume

OFR

   oxidation flow reactor

OGP

   Office of Global Programs

OHC

  ocean heat content

OHF

  ocean heat flux

OIN

   other inorganic material

OISISAF

  Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility

OISST

  Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature

OKM

   Oklahoma Mesonet

OLCI

  Ocean and Land Colour Instrument

OLR

   outgoing longwave radiation

OLYMPEX

   Olympic Mountain Experiment

OM

   organic matter

OMAERUV

   OMI/Aura Aerosol Optical Thickness & Single Scattering

OMB

   Office of Management and Budget

OMI

  Ozone Monitoring Instrument

OMIP

  Ocean Models Intercomparison Project

OMT

   ortho-mode transducer

OMWOG

   Oceans-based Measurements Working Group

ONI

  Oceanic Nino Index

ONR

   Office of Naval Research

OOA

  oxygenated organic aerosol

OPAC

   Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds software package

OPALS

  open-path ammonia laser sensor

OPC

   optical particle counter

OPERA

  Operational Program on the Exchange of Weather Radar Information

OPSS

  optical particle sizing system

OPTICS

  Ordering Points to Identify the Clustering Structure

ORACLES-2016

  Observations of Aerosols above Clouds and their Interactions-2016

ORCAS

  O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean

ORG

   optical rain gauge

ORNL

   Oak Ridge National Laboratory

ORR

   Operational Readiness Review

OSNAP

  Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program

OSS

   Operations Status System or optical spectral sampling

OSSE

   observing system simulation experiment

OSTIA

  Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis

OSU

   Oklahoma State University

OTDMA

  organic tandem differential mobility analyzer

OTREC

  Organization of Tropical East Pacific Convection

OVF

  organic volume fraction

OVOC

  oxygenated volatile organic compound

P

PA

   photoacoustic

PABSI

   profiling oxygen A-band spectrometer/visible integer

PACE

  Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, Ocean Ecosystem (NASA)

PAH

   polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

PalEON

   Paleo-Ecological Observatory Network

PALMS

   particle analysis by laser mass spectrometry

PALS

   Protocol for the Analysis for Land Surface models

PAM

   portable automated mesonet

PAMARCMiP

  Polar Airborne Measurements and Arctic Regional Climate Model Simulation Project

PAMR

  profiling airborne microwave radiometer

PAMTRA

  Passive and Active Microwave radiative TRAnsfer model

PAPE

  perturbation available potential energy

PAQS

  Pittsburgh Air Quality Study

PAR

   photosynthetically active radiation or phased array radars

PaRaDIso

  Payerne Radar and Isotopes

PARAGON

  Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network

PARSEC

  Pseudo-Adiabatic bin-micRophySics university of Exeter Cloud parcel model

PARSIVEL

  Particle Size and Velocity disdrometer

PARSL

   Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Atmospheric Remote Sensing Laboratory

PartMc-MOSAIC

   Particle Monte Carlo-Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry

PAS

  photo-acoustic absorption spectrometer or photoacoustic soot spectrometer

PAS2000CE

  photoelectric aerosol sensor

PASCAL

  Physical Feedbacks of Arctic Planetary Boundary Level Sea Ice, Cloud and Aerosol

PASS

   Parameterization of Subgrid Scale or photoacoustic soot spectrometer

PASS-3

  3-wavelength photo-acoustic soot spectrometer

PAX

   photoacoustic extinctiometer

PBAP

  primary biological aerosol particle

PBL

   planetary boundary layer

PBLH

  planetary boundary-layer height

PBO

  Plate Boundary Observatory

PCASP

   passive cavity aerosol spectrometer probe

PCB

  printed circuit board

PCCP

  Point Cloud of Cloud Points (ARM value-added product)

PCI

   pressure control inlet

PCMDI

   Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison

PCN

   Permafrost Carbon Network

PCP

   programmable compressor package

PCR

  polymerase chain reaction

PCTM

   Parameterized Chemical Transport Model

PCVI

   pumped counterflow virtual impactor

PCWV

  partial column water vapor

PDA

  phase Doppler anemometry

PDF

   probability distribution function or probability density function or Portable Document Format

PDI

  phase Doppler interferometry

PDL

   polarization diversity lidar

PDO/PCV

  Pacific Decadal Oscillation/Variability

PDR

   Preliminary Design Review

PDSI

  Palmer drought severity index

PDV

  Pacific Decadal Variability

PECAN

   Plains Elevated Convection at Night

PEEX

   Pan Eurasian Experiment

PEGASO

  Plankton-derived Emissions of trace Gases and Aerosols in the Southern Ocean

PEGASUS

  PNNL Eulerian Gas and Aerosol Scalable Unified System

PEM

  Pacific Exploratory Mission

PERSIANN

  Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks

PET

  potential evapotranspiration

PETM

  Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum

PF

  precipitation frequency

PFP

  programmable flask package

PFT

   plant functional type

PGF

  Princeton Global Forcing

PGS

   Precision Carbon Dioxide Mixing Ratio System or precision gas system

PHI

   probabilistic hazard information

PHIPS

  Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering probe (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)

PI

   principal investigator

PI-Neph

   Polarized Imaging Nephelometer

PIA

  path-integrated attenuation

PICASSO

  Parameterizing Ice Clouds using Airborne obServationS and triple-frequency dOppler

PICASSO-CENA

  Pathfinder Instruments for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observations-Climatologie Etendue des Nuages et des Aerosols

PID

   particle identification algorithm

PIF

   problem identification form

PILPS

  Project for the Intercomparison of Land-Surface Parameterization Schemes

PILS

  particle-into-liquid sampler

PILS-IC

  particle-into-liquid sampler coupled to ion chromatographs

PINE

  Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment

PIOMAS

  Pan-arctic Ice/Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System

PIP

   Particle Imaging Package (NASA) or precipitation imaging package or primary ice production

PIR

   precision infrared radiometer

PIRAQ

   PC-integrated acquisition system

PISA

   PECAN Integrated Sounding Array

PISTON

  Propagation of Intraseasonal Oscillations

PIV

  particle image velocimetry

PIXE

  proton-induced X-ray emission

PKE

  perturbation kinetic energy

PLSH

  Process-based Land Surface Evapotranpiration/Heat Fluxes algorithm

PLUMBER

   PALS Land Surface Model Benchmarking Evaluation Project

PM

  particulate matter

PMEL

   Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

PMF

   positive matrix factorization

PMIP

  Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project

PML

   perfectly matched layer or Penman-Monteith-Leuning model

PMM

  Pacific Measurement Mission (NASA)

PMO

   Pico Mountain Observatory

PMS

   particle measuring system

PMW

  passive microwave

PNC

  particle number concentration

PNG

   Portable Network Graphics file format or Papua New Guinea

PNNL

   Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

PNSD

  particle number size distribution

POA

   primary organic aerosol

POC

   particulate organic carbon

POD

  probability of detection

PODAAC

  Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (JPL)

POES

   polar orbiting environmental satellite

POFA

  probability of false alarm

POLARCAT

  Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, of Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols, and Transport

POLARIS

  Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer

POLDER

  Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Reflectances

POLMIP

  POLARCAT Model Intercomparison Project

POM

  primary organic matter or particulate organic matter

POP

  Parallel Ocean Program

POPEYE

  Profiling at Oliktok Point to Enhance YOPP Experiments

POPS

   printed optical particle spectrometer or portable optical particle spectrometer

POSIDON

  Pacific Oxidants, Sulfur, Ice, Dehydration, and Convection Experiment

PPA

   plane parallel approximation

PPI

  plan position indicator

PPP

   point-to-point protocol

PR

  precipitation radar

PRB

   Problem Review Board

PRE-STORM

  Preliminary Regional Experiment for Stormscale Operational and Research Meteorology

Pre-VOCA

  Preliminary VOCALS model Assessment

PRF

   pulse repetition frequency

PRIMAVERA

  Process-Based Climate Simulation: Advances in High-Resolution Modelling and European Climate Risk Assessment

PRISM

  Parameter elevation Regression on Independent Slopes Model

PROBE

   Pilot Radiation Observation Experiment

PROF

   profile

Promis

  Program for an Operational Meteorological Information System (Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute)

PRP

   Portable Radiation Package or phase retarding plate

PRR

   pre-readiness review

PRT

  pulse repetition time

PSA

  particle surface area

PSAP

   particle/soot absorption photometer

PSC

  polar stratospheric cloud

PSD

   particle size distribution or power spectral density

PSL

   photo-stimulated luminescence or polystyrene latex

PSP

   precision spectral pyranometer

PSR-EBL

  Picosecond Short-Range Elastic Backscatter Lidar

PSU

   Pennsylvania State University

PTI

  photo-thermal interferometer or precipitation type index

PTIR

  photothermal infrared spectroscopy

PTR-MS

   proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer

PTR-ToF-MS

  proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer

PV or photovoltaic

   potential vorticity

PVI

  particle video imager

PVM

  particle volume monitor

PW

   precipitable water

PWD

  present weather detector

PWGA

   population-weighted global average

PWRF

  Polar Weather Research and Forecasting

PWS

   present weather sensor

PWV

   precipitable water vapor

PX

   Pleim-Xiu model

PYE

  Point Reyes, California

Q

Q-AMS

  quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer

QBO

  Quasi-Biennial Oscillation

QC

   Quality Control

QCL

  quantum cascade laser

QCLCD

  Quality Controlled Local Climatological Data (NOAA)

QCRAD

  Data Quality Assessment for ARM Radiation Data value-added product

QFF

  quartz fiber filter

QHA

  quasi-harmonic approximation

QL

  Quantitative Links

QME

   Quality Measurement Experiment

QMOM

  quadrature method of moments

QMS

  quadrupole mass spectrometer

QNSE

  quasi-normal scale elimination

QPE

  Quantitative Precipitation Estimation

QPF

  quantitative precipitation forecast

QuikSCAT

  Quick Scatterometer

QVP

  quasi-vertical profile

R

R/V

   research vessel

r^e

  effective radius

RACM

  regional atmospheric chemistry mechanism

RACORO

   Routine AAF Clouds with Low Optical Water Depths (CLOWD) Optical Radiative Observations

RAD

   Radiation Measurements at AMF

RADAGAST

   Radiative Divergence using AMF, GERB and AMMA Stations

RAM

   random access memory or root-zone available moisture

RAMCES

  Reseau atmospherique de mesure des composes a effet de serre

RAMIX

   Radon Measurements of Atmospheric Mixing

RAMS

   regional atmospheric modeling system

RAOB

   radiosonde observation

RAOS

  Reno Aerosol Optics Study

RAP

  Rapid Refresh model (NCEP)

RAPRAD

   rapid radiation transfer model

RASER

  radio-frequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

RASS

   radio acoustic sounding system

RAW

   data file created by an instrument

RAWS

  Remote Automated Weather Stations

RaXPol

  Rapid X-band Polarimetric Radar

RBF

   radial basis function

RBL

   remote balloon launching

RCC

   radiometer calibration and characterization

RCCL

   Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines

RCE

  radiative-convective equilibrium

RCF

   radiometer calibration facility

RCS

   remote cloud sensing

RCSA

  revised convective stratiform anvil

RDG-FA

  Rayleigh-Debye-Gans for Fractal-Aggregates theory

RDI

  rotating drum impactor

RDP

  Research and Development Project

REB

  radiative energy budget

REBS

   radiation energy balance system

RED

  relative Euclidean distance

REDDIC

  Retrieval of Entrainment and Droplet Density in Cumulus

REE

  rainwater entire evaporation

REFIR-PAD

  Radiation Explorer in the Far-Infrared-Prototype for Applications and Development

RegCM2

   regional climate model, Version 2 (NCAR)

RELAMPAGO

  Remote sensing of Electrification, Lightning, and Mesoscale/microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations

REPA

  retrieved effective particle absorption

REPS

  retrieved effective particle size

RESET

   Regional Service Team (TWP)

REx

  VOCALS Regional Experiment

RF

   radio frequency

RFA

   radiative flux analysis

RFD

  relative frequency distribution

RFE

  radiative forcing efficiency

RFO

  relative frequency of occurrence

RGA

   reduction gas analyzer or Rayleigh-Gans approximation

RH

   relative humidity

RHC

  relatively highly reactive hydrocarbon

RHI

   range-height indicator

RHR

  radiative heating rate

RHUBC

   Radiative Heating in Underexplored Bands Campaign

RHUBC-II

   Radiative Heating in Underexplored Bands Campaign, Phase II

RI

  refractive index

RICO

   Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean

RIE

  relative ionization efficiency

RIGC

  Research Institute for Global Change (JAMSTEC)

RINEX

   Receiver Independent Exchange Format

RIS

  Ross Ice Shelf

RISC

   Russian Ice Station Comparison

RISCAM

   Routine In Situ Cloud and Aerosol Measurements

RK

  residual kriging

RL

   Raman lidar

RLWP

  rain liquid water path

RMA

   reduced-major-axis

RMBL

  Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory

RML

  restricted maximum likelihood

RMM

   real-time multivariate MJO

rms

   root mean square

RMSE

   root-mean-square error

RMW

  radius of maximum wind

RNN

  Recurrent Neural Network

RO

  radio occultation

ROCS

   Rocky Mountain Organic Carbon Study

ROI

  radius of influence

ROM

   rough order of magnitude or regional oxidant model

RoMBAS

   Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study

ROME

  Radar Organization Metric

RONOCO

   Role of Night-time chemistry in controlling the Oxidising Capacity Of the atmosphere (U.K. university project)

ROSR

   remote ocean surface radiometer

RPA

   remotely piloted aircraft

RPC

  Representative Concentration Pathway

RPH

   roll, pitch, and heave

RPV

   remotely piloted vehicles

RR

  rain rate

RRC

   rainfall-rate criteria

RRFS

  Rapid Refresh Forecast System

RRHO

  rigid rotor-harmonic oscillator

RRM

   regionally refined model

RRTM

   rapid radiative transfer model

RRTMG

  Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for Global Climate Models

RSD

  relative standard deviation

RSM

  Regional Spectral Model

RSMAS

   Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science

RSMS

  rapid single-particle mass spectrometer

RSP

   research scanning polarimeter

RSS

   rotating shadowband spectroradiometer

RT

   radiative transfer

RTA

   residence time analysis

RTD

   resistive temperature device or resistance temperature detector

RTM

  radiative transfer model

RTMA

  Real-Time Mesoscale Analysis

RUC

   rapid update cycle

RV

  research vessel

RVS

  Riverside, California

RWC

  rain water content

RWP

   radar wind profiler

RWS

  Rossby wave source

RZSM

  root-zone soil moisture

S

S-HIS

  scanning high-resolution interferometer sounder

S-XRF

  synchrotron-induced X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

S2D

  seasonal to decadal

S2S

  sub-seasonal to seasonal

SABL

   scanning aerosol backscatter lidar

SABLE

   Surface Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment

SABOR

  Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research

SAC

   Site Advisory Committee

SACOL

  Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University

SACZ

  southern Atlantic convergence zone

SAE

  scattering Angstrom exponent

SAFIRE

  Service des Avions Francais Instrumentés pour la Recherche en Environnement

SAGE

   Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment or Sunlight Absorption on the Greenland Ice Sheet Experiment

SAIC

   Science Application International Corporation

SAIL

  Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory

SAILS

  Supplemental Adaptive Intravolume Low-Level Scan

SAL

  supercontinuum absorption lidar or Saharan air layer

SALLJ

  South American low-level jet

SAM

   Sun and Aureole Measurement or System for Atmospheric Modeling or Southern Annular Mode

SAMD

  Standardized Atmospheric Measurement Data

SAMEX

   Storm and Mesoscale Ensemble Experiment or System for Atmospheric Modeling-Explicit Microphysics

SAMSON

  Solar and Meteorological Surface Observational Network (NOAA)

SAO

  Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

SAOD

  stratospheric aerosol optical depth

SAON

   Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks

SAPHIR

  Sondeur Atmospherique du Profil d'Humidite Intertropicale par Radiometrie

SAPRC

   Statewide Air Pollution Research Center (University of California)

SAR

   synthetic aperture radar or search and rescue

SARA

  Simplified Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm

SARB

   Surface and Atmospheric Radiation Budget

SARGAN

  in-Situ AeRosol GAW observing Network

SARS

   Site Access Request System

SAS

   sub-arctic summer or Simplified Arakawa-Schubert

SatCORPS

  Satellite Cloud and Radiation Property retrieval System

SAV

  surface-area-to-volume ratio

SAW

   sub-arctic winter

SBCAPE

  surface-based convective available potential energy

SBD

   short-burst data

SBDART

  Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer

SBIR

   Small Business Innovation Research (grant)

SBJ

   Sierra Barrier Jet

SBL

   stable boundary layer

SBM

  spectral bin microphysics

SBRO

  Stony Brook University - Brookhaven National Laboratory Radar Observatory

SBUV

  solar backscatter ultraviolet radiometer

Sc

  stratocumulus

SCAI

  Simple Cloud Aggregation Index

SCAM

  Single-Column Atmosphere Model

SCAN

  Soil Climate Analysis Network

SCAR-B

  Smoke, Clouds, and Radiation-Brazil

ScaRaB

   Scanner for Radiation Budget

SCCN

   size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei

SCE

  stochastic collection equation

SCF

  stability correction function

SCIAMACHY

  Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography

SciDAC

  Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (DOE)

SCLW

  supercooled liquid water

SCM

   single-column model

SCMS

  Small Cumulus Microphysics Study

SCNNLS

   smoothness constrained non-negative least squares

SCOPE

   San Clemente Ocean Probing Experiment

SCOPS

  Subgrid Cloud Overlap Profile Sampler

SCOW

  Scatterometer Climatology of Ocean Winds

SCREAM

  Simple Cloud-Resolving E3SM Atmosphere Model

SCSI

  small computer system interface

SCSMEX

  South China Sea Monsoon Experiment

SCT

  stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition

SD

  saturation departure

SDIRK

  Singly Diagonally Implicit Runge-Kutta method

SDM

  superdroplet method

SDS

   site data system

SDSS

  self-deploying surface sensor

SEAC4RS

   Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds, and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys

SEARCH

   Study of Environmental Arctic Change, Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization

SEB

  surface energy budget

SEBEX

  Sahelian Energy Balance Experiment

SEBN

  Surface Energy Balance Network (NOAA ARL)

SEBS

  Surface Energy Balance System

SEC

  South Equatorial Current

SECC

  South Equatorial Countercurrent

SEM

   scanning electron microscopy

SERRS

  surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy

SERS

  surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

SESI

   Science and Engineering Services, Inc.

SEVIRI

  Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager

SFMR

  stepped frequency microwave radiometer

SGI

  Standardized Groundwater Index

SGMM

  self-generating master mechanism

SGP

   Southern Great Plains

SGS

  subgrid-scale

SHADOZ

  Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes network

SHARPpy

  Sounding/Hodograph Analysis and Research Program in Python

SHAVE

   Severe Hazard Analysis and Verification Experiment

SHAWMS

   Soil Heat And Water Measurement System

ShCu

  shallow cumulus

SHDOM

   Spherical Harmonic Discrete Ordinate Method

SHEBA

   Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (Subprogram of NSF ARCSS Oil)

SHF

  sensible heat flux

SHIMS

  Shortwave Hemispheric Irradiance Measurement System

SHIPPO

  Shipborne Pole to Pole Observation

SHOC

  simplified higher-order closure

SiB

  Simple Biosphere Model

SiBCASA

  simple biosphere Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach

SIBYL

  Selective Iterated Boundary Location scheme

SIC

  sea ice concentration

SICIMS

  selected ion chemical ionization mass spectrometer

SIE

  sea ice extent

SIMD

  single instruction multiple data

SIMPLE

  Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations

SIMS

  secondary ion mass spectrometry

SINT

   solar-infrared near-infrared technique

SIP

  secondary ice production

SIPAM

  System for the Protection of Amazonia

SIPEXII

  Sea Ice P:hysics EXperiment

SIROS

   solar and infrared observing system

SIRS

   solar infrared radiation station

SIRTA

   Site Instrumental de Recherche par Teled'etrection Armospherique

SISC

   Science and Infrastructure Steering Committee

SISR

  single-image super resolution

SIST

   solar-infrared split-window technique

SITAC

   Spectral Imagery Technology Applications Center

SKYRAD

   sky radiometers on stand for downwelling radiation

SL

   stable precipitation over land

SL3D

  storm labeling n three dimensions

SLAM

  Simple Land-Atmosphere Model

SLC

  single-layer cloud

SLCF

  short-lived climate forcer

SLCP

  short-lived climate pollutants

SLP

  sea level pressure

SLR

   scanning Raman lidar

SLSTR

  Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer

SLWC

  supercooled liquid water content

SM

  soil moisture

SM-EF

  soil moisture-evaporative fraction

SM-P

  soil moisture-precipitation

SMACS

  Smart Aerosonde Clusters

SMAP

  Soil Moisture Active Passive mission (NASA)

SMART-HELIOS

  Spectral Modular Airborne Radiation Measurement System--Helicopter-Borne Observations

SMART-R

   Shared Mobile Atmospheric Research and Teaching Radar

SMB

  surface mass balance

SMC

  stratiform mixed-phase cloud

SMCS

  separated MCS

SMEAR

   Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations (Finland)

SMET

   Surface Meteorological Instruments for TWP

SMHI

  Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute

SMILES

  simplified molecular-input line-entry system

SML

  surface microlayer

SMM

  soil moisture memory

SMMR

  scanning multichannel microwave radiometer

SMOKE

  Sparse Matrix Kernel Emissions model

SMOPS

  Soil Moisture Operations Products System

SMOS

   Surface Meteorological Observing Station or Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity

SMOSMANIA

  Soil Moisture Observing System-Meteorological Automatic Network Integrated Application

SMPS

  scanning mobility particle sizer

SNACS

   Studies of the Northern Alaskan Coastal System

SNEX

   Snowfall Experiment (BAECC)

SNICAR

   Snow, Ice and Aerosol Radiation model

SNL

   Sandia National Laboratories

SNOTEL

  Snowpack Telemetry

SNPP

  Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership

SNR

   signal-to-noise ratio

SNT

  severe nontornadic storm

SOA

  secondary organic aerosol

SOAFFEE

  Secondary Organic Aerosol From Forest Emissions Experiment

SOAG

   semivolatile organic gas-phase species

SOAP

  Surface Ocean Aerosol Production

SOAS

  Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study

SoCAB

   Southern California Air Basin

SOCCR

   State of the Carbon Cycle Report

SOCEX1

  Southern Ocean Cloud Experiment

SOCRATES

  Suite of Community RAdiative Transfer Codes based on Edwards and Slingo or Southern Ocean Clouds Radiation Aerosol Transport Experimental Study

SOFEX

  Southern Ocean Iron Experiment

SOFIA

  Surface of the Ocean, Fluxes, and Interactions with the Atmosphere

SOI

  Southern Oscillation Index

SOL

  site operations log *Now known as metadata system (MDS)

SOM

  slab ocean model or self-organizing map or Statistical Oxidation Model

SOP

  special observing period

SOPAC

   South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission

SORCE

  Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment

SORGAM

  Secondary Organic Aerosol Model

SORTI

   solar radiance transmittance interferometer

SOS

   Southern Oxidants Study

SOW

   statement of work

SP-AMS

   Soot Particle--Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

SP2

   single-particle soot photometer

SP2-XR

  single-particle soot photometer -- extended range

SPA

   Storm-penetrating aircraft

SPADE

   Separate Physics and Dynamics Experiment or Stratospheric Photochemistry, Aerosols, and Dynamics Experiment

SPAR

  Saccadic Phased Array Radar Sampling

SPARC

   Space Science and Engineering Center Portable Atmospheric Research Center or Stratosphere-Troposphere Processes and Their Role in Climate

SPARTACUS

  SPeedy Algorithm for Radiative TrAnsfer through CloUd Sides

SPARTAN

  Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network

SPARTICUS

   Small Particles in Cirrus

SPC

  Storm Prediction Center (NOAA)

SPCZ

  South Pacific convergence zone

SPECTRE

   Spectral Radiance Experiment

SPEI

  Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index

SPI

  Standardized Precipitation Index or Swiss Polar Institute

SPICE

  Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (WMO)

SPIE

   Society of Photo-optic Instrumentation Engineers

SPIN

  Spectrometer for Ice Nucleation

SPL

  Storm Peak Laboratory

SPLAT

   single-particle laser ablation time-of-flight mass spectrometer

SPLAT-II

  second-generation single-particle laser ablation time-of-flight mass spectrometer

SPM

   site program manager

SPN

   sunshine pyranometer

SPPT

  Stochastically Perturbed Parametrization Tendencies

SPREP

   South Pacific Regional Environmental Program

SPRGN

   South Pacific Regional GPS Network

SQI

  signal quality index

SR-XRF

  synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

SRB

   surface radiation budget

SRDB

   solar radiation dry bias

SRH

  storm relative helicity

SRI

  Standardized Runoff Index

SRL

  scanning raman lidar

SRM

  solar radiation modification

SRRB

   Surface Radiation Research Branch (NOAA)

SRRL

  Solar Radiation Research Laboratory (NREL)

SRTM

  Shuttle Radar Topography Mission

SRW

  Short Range Weather

SS

   supersaturation

SSA

   single-scattering albedo or sea spray aerosol

SSCL

  suppressed shallow cloud regime

SSD

  snowflake size distribution

SSEC

   Space Science and Engineering Center

SSFR

   solar spectral flux radiometer

SSHF

  surface sensible heat flux

SSI

  spectral solar irradiance or Standardized Streamflow Index

SSiB

  Simplified Simple Biosphere Model

SSiB

   simplified Simple Biosphere Model

SSIM

  structural similarity index

SSM/I

   special sensor microwave/imager

SSMI

  Standardized Soil Moisture Index or Special Sensor Microwave Imager

SSMIS

  special sensor microwave imager sounder

SSNT

  significant severe nontornadic storm

SSP

   scanning spectral polarimeter or sea spray particles or Shared Socioeconomic Pathway

SSPA

  solid-state power amplifier

SSPM

  stretched scattering potential method

SSRGA

  self-similar Rayleigh-Gans approximation

SSRL

  Solar Radiation Research Laboratory (NREL)

SSS

  sea surface salinity

SSST

   sea surface (skin) temperature

SST

   sea-surface temperature

SSURGO

   Soil Survey Geographic (database)

SSW

  Sudden Stratospheric Warning

StaBLE

   Stable Boundary Layer Education

STAC

   size-to-area conversion or size and time-resolved aerosol collector

STAP

  single-channel tricolor absorption photometer

START08

   Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport 2008

STE

  stratosphere-troposphere exchange

STEC

  Science Team Executive Committee

STEM

  Sulfur Transport Eulerian Model or scanning transmission electron microscopy

STEPS

  Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study

STI

  simple tillage index

STILT

   Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport

STIRPAT

  STochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology

STORM-FEST

   Stormscale Operational Research and Meteorology Fronts Experiment Systems Test

STORMVEX

   Storm Peak Lab Cloud Property Validation Experiment

STP

  standard temperature and pressure

STRAT

  Stratospheric Tracers of Atmospheric Transport

STXM/NEXAFS

   scanning transmission X-ray microscopy with near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

SUCCESS

   Subsonic Aircraft Contrail and Cloud Effects Special Study

SUNY

   State University of New York

SUPG

  streamline upwind Petrov Galerkin method

SURFRAD

   Surface Radiation Budget Network

SURTHREF

   Surface Temperature and Humidity Reference System for Sondes

SUSMAP

  Science Utilization of SMAP (NASA)

SV-OOA

   semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol

SV-TAG

   semi-volatile thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph

SVC

  subvisible cirrus

SVD

   singular value decomposition

SVI

  snowflake video imager

SVOC

   semi-volatile organic compound

SVOOA

  semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol

SW

   shortwave

SWACR

  Scanning W-band ARM Cloud Radar

SWATS

   soil water and temperature system

SWC

  snow water content

SWCF

  shortwave cloud forcing

SWDI

  severe weather data inventory (NCEI)

SWDN

  surface shortwave downward radiation

SWE

  snow water equivalent

SWERUS-C3

  Swedish-Rssian-U.S. Arctic Ocean Investigation of Climate-Cryosphere-Carbon Interactions

SWI

  soil wetness index

SWIR

   shortwave infrared

SWR

   shortwave radiation

SWS

   shortwave spectroradiometer

SWUP

  surface upward shortwave radiation

SWV

   slant water vapor

SZA

   solar zenith angle

T

TAB

   total attenuated backscattering

TACTIC

  Tropospheric Aerosols for Climate in CNRM-CM

TAFTS

  tropospheric airborne Fourier transform spectrometer

TAMS

  Tracking Algorithm for Mesoscale Convective Systems

TAMU

   Texas A&M University

TANSO-FTS

  Thermal and Near infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer

TAO

   Tropical Atmosphere Ocean

TAO/TRITON

  Tropical Atmosphere Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network

TAOS

  two-dimensional angular optical scattering

TAP

  tropospheric aerosol particle

TAR

  Tape ARchive

TARFOX

   Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational Experiment (1996)

TAS

   true air speed

TAV

  Tropical Atlantic Variability

TB

   tar balls

TBI

  tethered balloon system impactor

TBM

  terrestrial biogeochemical model or terrestrial biosphere model

TBRG

  tipping bucket rain gauge

TBS

   tethered balloon system

TC

  tropical cyclone

TC-RSR

   thin-cloud rotating shadowband radiometer

TC4

  Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling

TCAP

   Two-Column Aerosol Project

TCC

  total cloud cover

TCCON

   Total Carbon Column Observing Network

TCEQ

  Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

TCIP

   Transit Communications Interface Profiles

TCPIC

  Trades Cumuli Precipitation Initiation and Characterization

TCR

  transient climate response

TCWV

  total column water vapor

TD

   thermodenuder or thermal desorption

TD-LIF

   thermal dissocation laser-induced fluorescence

TDCIMS

  thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer

TDDR

   total direct diffuse radiometer

TDL

   Tactical Data Link or tunable-diode laser

TDLAS

   tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer

TDMA

   time division multiple access (from ARM acronym list); also tandem differential mobility analyzer

TDPBMS

  thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer

TDS

  tornadic debris signature

TDWR

  terminal Doppler weather radar (FAA)

TEA

   transverse-excited atmospheric pressure

TEC

   thermoelectric cooler

TEJ

   tropical easterly jet

TEM

   transmission electron microscope or trajectory ensemble model

TEM/EELS

  transmission electron microscopy/electron energy loss spectroscopy

TERENO

  Terrestrial Environmental Observatories

TERN

  Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network

TERS

  tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

TES

   tropospheric emission spectrometer or thermal emission sounder or Terrestrial Ecosystem Science

TexAQS

   Texas Air Quality Study

THF

  turbulent heat flux

THOR

   Thickness from Offbeam Returns

THORPEX

  The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment

THWAPS

   temperature, humidity, winds, and pressure system

TI

  transverse ionization

TIBL

  thermal internal boundary layer

TIC

  total ion count

TICFIRE

   Thin Ice Clouds in Far IR Experiment

TILDAS

  Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectrometer

TIMEX

   Thunderstorm Initiation Mobile Experiment

TIPA

   tilted independent pixel approximation

TIR

  thermal infrared

TIROS

   television and infrared observation satellite

TITAN

  Thunderstorm Identification, Tracking, Analysis, and Nowcasting

TIWE

   Tropical Instability Wave Experiment

TKE

   turbulent kinetic energy

TM

   thematic mapper

TMI

   Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager

TMPA

  TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis

TOA

   top of the atmosphere

TOAR

  Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report

tobac

  Tracking and Object-Based Analysis of Clouds

TOC

  total organic carbon

TOCS

   Tropical Ocean Climate Study

TOGA

   trace organic gas analyzer

TOGA-COARE

   Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere-Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment

TOMAS

  TwO Moment Aerosol Sectional model

TOMS

   total ozone mapping experiment spectrometer

TOPAZ

   tunable ozone profiler for aerosol and ozone

TOPSE

  Tropospheric Ozone Production by the Spring Equinox experiment

TOR

  thermal/optical reflectance

TOVS

   TIROS operational vertical sounder

TP

   temperature profiling

TPD-DART-HRMS

  temperature-programmed desorption-direct analysis in real-time, high-resolution mass spectrometry

TPPN

  Trans-Pacific Profiler Network

TPS

   total precipitation sensor

TPW

  total precipitable water

TRAC

   time-resolved aerosol collector

TRACE-A

  Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry near the Equator-Atlantic

TRACE-P

  Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific campaign (NASA)

TRACER

  Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment

TRACER - ACE

  Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment - Aerosol Characterization Experiment

TRACER - CAT

  Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment - Carbonaceous Aerosol Thrust

TRACER - MAP

  Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment - Mapping Aerosol across Houston

TRACER-UFI

  Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment - Ultrafine aerosol Formation & Impacts

TRI

   Toxic Release Inventory (U.S. EPA)

TRL

   technology readiness level

TRMM

   Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

TRMM-KWAJEX

   Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission-Kwajalein Experiment

TRMM-LBA

  Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia

TROA

   time-resolved optoacoustic (cell)

TROPOMI

  Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument

TRRL

  temperature rotational Raman lidar

TSBR

   total solar broadband radiometer

TSI

   total sky imager or total solar irradiance

TSP

   total suspended particles

TTL

   tropical tropopause layer

TUTT

  tropical upper tropospheric trough

TUVR

   total ultraviolet radiometer

TVC

  total volume coverage

TVS

  tornadic vortex signature

TWC

   total water content or total water cloud

TWH

  tropical western hemisphere

TWP

   Tropical Western Pacific

TWP-ICE

   Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment

TWST

   three-waveband spectrally agile technique

TWT

   traveling wave tubes

TWTA

   Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier

U

UAS

   uncrewed aerial system (preferred) or unmanned aerial system

UAV

   uncrewed aerial vehicle (preferred) or unmanned aerial vehicle

UAV-AERI

   miniaturized version of the ground-based AERI

UCAR

   University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

UCLA

   University of California, Los Angeles

UCM

  Urban Canopy Model

UCSD

   University of California, San Diego

UDF

   UAV demonstration flights

UEA

   Universidade do Estado do Amazonia

UFP

  ultrafine particles

UFS

  Unified Forecast System

UFT

  ultrafast thermometer

UHI

  urban heat island

UHMA

   University of Helsinki Multicomponent Aerosol model

UHSAS

   ultra-high-sensitivity aerosol spectrometer

UIC

   Ukpeagvik Iñupiat Corporation

UIF

   UAV interim flight

UIR

   upwelling infrared radiometer

UMBC

   University of Maryland, Baltimore County

UMR

   unit mass resolution

UNAVCO

   University NAVSTAR Consortium

UNESCO

   United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

UNFCCC

  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

UNICON

   unified convective scheme

UNIFAC

  universal functional group activity coefficient

UPS

   uninterruptable power supply

URIP

   University Research Instrumentation Program

URL

   Uniform Resource Locator

USAF

  United States Air Force

USAP

  United States Antarctic Program

USB

   Universal Serial Bus

USCG

   United States Coast Guard

USCRN

  U.S. Climate Reference Network

USDA

   U.S. Department of Agriculture

USGCRP

   U.S. Global Change Research Program

USGEWEX

  United States Global Energy and Water Exchanges

USGS

   U.S. Geological Survey

USN

   U.S. Navy

USP

   Universidade de Sao Paulo

USR

   upwelling solar radiation

UT

   upper troposphere

UTH

  upper tropospheric humidity

UV

   ultraviolet

UV-APS

  ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer

UVB

   ultraviolet B

UVRL

   ultraviolet Raman lidar

UVSR

   ultraviolet spectral radiometer

UW-SSEC

   University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Center

UWIREMIS

  University of Wisconsin Global Infrared Land Surface Emissivity

UWLCM

  University of Warsaw Lagrangian Cloud Model

V

VACES

  versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system

VAD

   velocity-azimuth display

VAMOS

   Variability of the American Monsoon System

VAP

   value-added product

VarBC

  variational bias correction

VBS

   volatility basis set

VCEIL

   Vaisala ceilometer

VCP

  volume coverage pattern

VCSEL

  vertical cavity surface emitting laser

VD

  Doppler velocity

VDA

   variational data assimilation

VDM

   vegetation demographic model

VED

  volume equivalent diameter

VESRI

  Virtual Earth System Research Institute

VFR

   volume fraction remaining or visual flight rules

VGA

   video graphics array

VIF

  variance inflation factor

VIIRS

  Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

VIMF

  vertically integrated moisture flux

VIP

   video integrator processor

VIPS

   video ice particle sampler

VIRS

   visible infrared scanning radiometer

VIS

   visible or visible satellite imagery

VISST

   visible infrared solar-infrared split-window technique

VLBI

  very-long-baseline interferometry

VLF

  very low frequency

VMR

   volume mixing ratio

VNIR

  visible/near infrared

VOAG

  vibrating orifice aerosol generation

VOC

   volatile organic carbon or volatile organic compound

VOCALS

   VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study

VOCALS-REX

  Variability of the American Monsoon System (VAMOS) Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment

VOCAR

   variation of coastal atmospheric refractivity

VORTEX-SE

  Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment-Southeast

VOS/XBT

  Voluntary Observing System Expendable Bathythermograph

VPD

   vapor pressure deficit

VPN

   virtual private network

VPR

  vertically pointing radar

VR

  variable-resolution

VSMOW

   Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water

VSWIR

  visble to shortwave infrared

VTLC

   video time-lapsed camera

VTMX

  Vertical Transport and Mixing Experiment

VUV

   vacuum ultraviolet

VV

  vertical velocity

VWD

  vector wind difference

VWS

  vertical wind shear

VZA

   viewing zenith angle

W

WACCEM

  Water Cycle and Climate Extremes Modeling

WACCM

  Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model

WACR

   W-band ARM Cloud Radar

WAIS

   West Antarctic Ice Sheet

WAS

  whole air sampling

WBF

  Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process

WBRG

  weighing bucket rain gauge

WCB

   warm conveyor belt

WCCAP

  World Calibration Centre for Aerosol Physics (GAW)

WCL

   Wyoming cloud lidar

WCM

  water content monitor

WCPC

   water-based condensation particle counter

WCR

   Wyoming cloud radar

WCRP

   World Climate Research Programme

WCT

  wavelet covariance transform

WDCA

   World Data Center for Aerosols

WDCGG

  World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases

WDSS-II

  Warning Decision Support System-Integrated Information

WETCHIMP

  Wetland and Wetland CH4 Inter-comparison of Models Project

WFOV

   wide field of view

WGNE

  Working Group on Numerical Experimentation

WHOI

   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

WHP

  WOCE Hydrographic Program

WIBS

  wide issue bioaerosol spectrometer or wideband integrated bioaerosol sensor

WIOC

  water-insoluble organic carbon

WIS

  Weather Information System (WMO)

WISG

   World Infrared Standard Group

WISHE

  wind-induced surface heat exchange

WISP

   Winter Icing and Storms Project (NOAA)

WISPAR

   Winter Storms and Pacific Atmospheric Rivers

WISPER

  Water Isotope System for Precipitation and Entrainment Research

WiWB

  Wiener water balance

WMO

   World Meteorological Organization

WOCE

  World Ocean Circulation Experiment

WOOM

  Wave One Ozone Maximum

WOUDC

  World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre

WP

   warm pool

WPDN

   wind-profiler demonstration network

WPL

   Wave Propagation Laboratory

WRAS

  wide-range aerosol spectrometer

WRC

   World Radiation Center

WRDC

  World Radiation Data Centre

WRF

   Weather Research and Forecasting (Model)

WRF-Chem

  chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model

WRF-SFIRE

  Weather Research and Forecasting fire-spread model

WRF-STILT

  Weather Research and Forecasting-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport

WRMC

  World Radiation Monitoring Center

WRR

   World Radiometric Reference

WSFO

   Weather Service Forecast Office

WSG

   World Standard Group

WSI

   whole sky imager

WSOC

   water-soluble organic compound

WSR-88D

   weather surveillance radar-88 Dopplers

WSRA

  wide-swath radar altimeter

WTG

   weak temperature gradient

WUS-D3

  Western United States Dynamically Downscaled Dataset

WV

   water vapor

WVDIAL

  water vapor differential absorption lidar

WVM

  water vapor mass

WVMR

  water vapor mixing ratio

WVP

   water vapor profiling or water vapor path

WVR

   water vapor radiometer

WWLLN

  World Wide Lightning Location Network

WWMCA

  World-Wide Merged Cloud Analysis (USAF)

WWRP (WMO)

   World Weather Research Programme

WWW

   World Weather Watch

X

X-SAPR

   X-Band Scanning ARM Precipitation Radar

XANES

  X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure spectroscopy

XBT

   expendable bathythermograph

XDC

   External Data Center (ARM)

XEDS

  X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy

XPIA

   Experimental Measurement Campaign: Planetary boundary layer Instrumentation Assessment

XPS

  X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Y

YES

   Yankee Environmental Systems

YIBs

  Yale Interactive Terrestrial Biosphere model

YOPP

   Year of Polar Prediction

YOTC

   Year of Tropical Convection

YRD

  Yangtze River Delta

Z

ZHD

  zenith hydrostatic delay

ZPW

   Zero Power Warming experiment

ZSS

   Zvenigorod Scientific Station

ZTD

   zenith total delay

ZWD

   zenith wet delay