Measurements

Ground-based Instruments

Category	Measurement	Instrument	Sponsor
Radars	Precipitation estimation, hydrometeor classification, 3D wind fields	X-band Scanning ARM Precipitation Radar (XSAPR), 9.6 GHz frequency, dual polarization	DOE ARM Facility
	Precipitation estimation, hydrometeor classification, 3D wind fields	C-band ARM Precipitation Radar (CSAPR), 5.6 GHz frequency, dual polarization	DOE ARM Facility
	Simultaneous observations of clouds and precipitation over a 15-20 km range, hydrometeor classification, 3D wind fields	ARM Dual-Wavelength (Ka/W) Scanning Cloud Radar, dual radar frequency at 94 and 35 GHz, with polarization	DOE ARM Facility
	Cloud boundaries in the vertical column, along with radar reflectivity factor (dBZ), mean Doppler velocity, and spectral width	Ka ARM Zenith Radar (KAZR), 35 GHz frequency	DOE ARM Facility
	Precipitation estimation, microphysics and insight	Ka/Ku band Deployable Dual-Polarimetric Doppler Scanning Radar (D3R)	NASA
	Light to heavy precipitation in liquid, mixed, and ice phase environments	S-Band Transportable Dual-Polarimetric Radar (NPOL), 2.7-2.9 GHz frequency, dual polarization	NASA
	Mean vertical velocity and hydrometeor characteristics	915 MHz Wind Profilers	DOE ARM Facility
	Precipitating column and retrieving vertical air motion and raindrop size distribution from near the surface to just below the freezing	S-Band/UHF Profiler, 2835 MHz frequency for S-band and 449 MHz for UHF	NOAA-ESRL
	Vertical velocity	Profiler Network 404-449 MHz Wind Profilers	NOAA
	Large-scale precipitation, hydrometeor classification	WSR-88Ds	NOAA-NWS
	Atmospheric moisture and temperature, longwave spectral brightness temperature and radiance	Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) IR	NOAA
Lidars	Boundary-layer winds in clear air	Doppler Lidar	DOE ARM Facility
	Cloud base	Micropulse Lidar	DOE ARM Facility
	Vertical profiles of water vapor	Raman Lidar	DOE ARM Facility
Atmospheric State	Liquid water path and integrated water vapor content	Microwave Radiometer, 3 Channel	DOE ARM Facility
	Temperature, pressue, relative humidity, horizontal wind	Sondes	DOE ARM Facility
	Visible total sky cover	Total Sky Imager	DOE ARM Facility
Surface Meterology	Precipitation size distribution	Disdrometers	DOE ARM Facility/NASA
	Particle size and concentration measurements for particles of 0.3-8 mm in diameter (bin resolution of 0.25 mm), axis ratio distribution, and fall-velocity information	2D Video Disdrometer	DOE ARM Facility/NASA
	Direct, rainfall amount; indirect, rain rate	Rain Gauges	NASA
	Surface broadband radiative fluxes, surface latent and sensible heat fluxes, soil moisture and temperature	Energy Balance Bowen Ratio Station (EBBR)	DOE ARM Facility

NASA ER-2 Payload

Category	Measurement	Instrument	Sponsor
Radiometer	Precipitation estimation, brightness temperature (10.7, 19.35, 37.1, 85.5 GHz)	Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR)	NASA
Radiometer	Precipitation estimation, brightness temperature (37, 89, 165.5, 183.3 GHz)	Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR)	NASA
Radar	Precipitation profiling, hydrometeor classification, 2D wind fields	High Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Radar (HIWRAP) Ka-Ku band radar	NASA

University of North Dakota (UND) Citation Payload

Category	Measurement	Instrument	Sponsor
Microphysics	Cloud liquid water	King Hot Wire Probe	NASA
	Cloud particle spectra	PMS 2D-C	NASA
		Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP)	NASA
		Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP)	NASA
		Cloud Particle Imager (CPI)	NASA
	Precipitation particle spectra	High Volume Precipitation Spectrometer (HVPS)	NASA
	Total water content	Nevzorov Probe	NASA
Aerosol	Condensation nuclei	CN counter (10 nm cut)	DOE ARM Aerial Facility
Aerosol	Aerosol size distribution (60 nm – 1 micron)	Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer	DOE ARM Aerial Facility